{"id":8704,"date":"2016-02-02T05:08:54","date_gmt":"2016-02-02T05:08:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/ahora-mexico-querella-contra-los-crimenes-del-franquismo\/"},"modified":"2021-04-09T21:03:21","modified_gmt":"2021-04-09T19:03:21","slug":"ahora-mexico-querella-contra-los-crimenes-del-franquismo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/ahora-mexico-querella-contra-los-crimenes-del-franquismo\/","title":{"rendered":"Ahora, M\u00e9xico: querella contra los cr\u00edmenes del franquismo"},"content":{"rendered":"

La Comisi\u00f3n Mexicana para la Defensa y Promoci\u00f3n de los Derechos Humanos (CMDPDH) presenta una demanda judicial ante la Procuradur\u00eda General mexicana por el caso de F\u00e9lix Llorente Guti\u00e9rrez, ferroviario y sindicalista, que desapareci\u00f3 despu\u00e9s de ser detenido y trasladado a la prisi\u00f3n de Medina del Campo en julio de 1936.<\/p>\n

\"alt\"<\/p>\n

Las v\u00edctimas<\/span> de cr\u00edmenes<\/span> de derecho<\/span> internacional<\/span> cometidos<\/span> durante<\/span> la Guerra civil y el franquismo<\/span>, que<\/span> se encuentran<\/span> con las<\/span> puertas<\/span> de la justicia<\/span> cerradas<\/span> en Espa\u00f1a<\/span>, se ven<\/span> forzadas<\/span> a buscar<\/span> la verdad<\/span>, justicia<\/span> y reparaci\u00f3n<\/span> en otros<\/span> pa\u00edses<\/span>. As\u00ed<\/span> lo ha manifestado<\/span> Amnist\u00eda<\/span> Internacional<\/span><\/strong>, cuando<\/span> presenta<\/span>, junto<\/span> con la Federaci\u00f3n<\/span> Internacional<\/span> de Derechos<\/span> Humanos<\/span> (FIDH<\/span>) y la Comisi\u00f3n<\/span> Mexicana<\/span> para<\/span> la Defensa<\/span> y Promoci\u00f3n<\/span> de los Derechos<\/span> Humanos<\/span> (CMDPDH<\/span>), una<\/span> querella<\/span> en M\u00e9xico<\/span> para<\/span> que<\/span> se inicie<\/span> un proceso<\/span> de investigaci\u00f3n<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Las organizaciones<\/span> entregaron<\/span> en la Procuradur\u00eda<\/span> General de la Rep\u00fablica<\/span> (PGR<\/span>) de M\u00e9xico<\/span> una<\/span> denuncia<\/span> por<\/span> la desaparici\u00f3n<\/span> de F\u00e9lix<\/span> Llorente<\/span> Guti\u00e9rrez<\/span>, ferroviario<\/span> de 27 a\u00f1os<\/span>, que<\/span> tuvo<\/span> lugar<\/span> en agosto<\/span> de 1936 en Medina del Campo, Valladolid. F\u00e9lix<\/span> fue<\/span> detenido<\/span> el 28 de julio<\/span> y desapareci\u00f3<\/span> el 15 de agosto<\/span> al ser<\/span> trasladado<\/span> a otra<\/span> prisi\u00f3n<\/span>, seg\u00fan<\/span> lo reconocido<\/span> por<\/span> las<\/span> mismas<\/span> autoridades<\/span>. La querella<\/span> denuncia<\/span> que<\/span> se cometi\u00f3<\/span> un delito<\/span> de desaparici\u00f3n<\/span> forzada<\/span> en el contexto<\/span> de cr\u00edmenes<\/span> de guerra<\/span> y cr\u00edmenes<\/span> de lesa<\/span> humanidad<\/span>, ya<\/span> que<\/span> a d\u00eda<\/span> de hoy<\/span>, se desconoce<\/span> la suerte<\/span> o el paradero<\/span> de F\u00e9lix<\/span> y no se ha realizado<\/span> ninguna<\/span> investigaci\u00f3n<\/span> por<\/span> parte<\/span> de las<\/span> autoridades<\/span> espa\u00f1olas<\/span> para<\/span> esclarecer<\/span> los hechos<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u201cEsperamos<\/span> y confiamos<\/span> en que<\/span> M\u00e9xico<\/span> nos apoye<\/span> a la hora<\/span> de obtener<\/span> lo que<\/span> las<\/span> v\u00edctimas<\/span> llevan<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> buscando<\/span>: conocer<\/span> el paradero<\/span> de sus<\/span> familiares<\/span> y acceder<\/span> a la justicia<\/span> y la reparaci\u00f3n\u201d<\/span>,<\/strong>a\u00f1ade<\/span> el director de AI Espa\u00f1a<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u201cDesde<\/span> hace<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> venimos<\/span> buscando<\/span> la verdad<\/span> y esperamos<\/span> que<\/span> la justicia<\/span> mexicana<\/span> nos ayude<\/span> a encontrarla<\/span>, ya<\/span> que<\/span>, como<\/span> miles de familias<\/span> de desaparecidos<\/span> en Espa\u00f1a<\/span>, no hemos<\/span> contado<\/span> con el apoyo<\/span> de las<\/span> instituciones<\/span> espa\u00f1olas<\/span> para<\/span> obtener<\/span> informaci\u00f3n\u201d<\/span>,<\/strong>ha declarado<\/span> Ana\u00efs<\/span> Huerta<\/span>, la denunciante<\/span> que<\/span> actualmente<\/span> reside en M\u00e9xico<\/span> y que<\/span> emprendi\u00f3<\/span>, junto<\/span> con su<\/span> padre, un proceso<\/span> de b\u00fasqueda<\/span> de su<\/span> familiar hace<\/span> ya<\/span> cinco<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Amnist\u00eda<\/span> Internacional<\/span><\/strong>, la CMDPDH<\/span> y la FIDH<\/span> han<\/span> pedido<\/span> a la Procuradur\u00eda<\/span> General de la Rep\u00fablica<\/span> en M\u00e9xico<\/span> que<\/span> inicie<\/span>, sin dilaci\u00f3n<\/span>, una<\/span> investigaci\u00f3n<\/span> exhaustiva<\/span> sobre<\/span> la desaparici\u00f3n<\/span> forzada<\/span> de F\u00e9lix<\/span> Llorente<\/span> Guti\u00e9rrez<\/span>, ya<\/span> que<\/span> por<\/span> la especial gravedad<\/span> que<\/span> revisten<\/span> los hechos<\/span> ocurridos<\/span> y el contexto<\/span> en el que<\/span> se cometieron<\/span> constituyen<\/span> cr\u00edmenes<\/span> de lesa<\/span> humanidad<\/span> y cr\u00edmenes<\/span> de guerra<\/span>, deben<\/span> ser<\/span> investigados<\/span> en otros<\/span> pa\u00edses<\/span>, entre<\/span> ellos<\/span> M\u00e9xico<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u201cEs<\/span> crucial que<\/span> las<\/span> autoridades<\/span> mexicanas<\/span> emprendan<\/span> todas<\/span> las<\/span> diligencias<\/span> de prueba<\/span> necesarias<\/span> para<\/span> el esclarecimiento<\/span> de este<\/span> caso<\/span>, y garanticen<\/span>, a su<\/span> vez<\/span>, el derecho<\/span> a la verdad<\/span>, justicia<\/span> y reparaci\u00f3n<\/span> de Ana\u00efs<\/span> Huerta<\/span><\/strong>\u201d, se\u00f1al\u00f3<\/span> Perseo<\/span> Quiroz<\/span> Rend\u00f3n<\/span>, director ejecutivo<\/span> de Amnist\u00eda<\/span> Internacional<\/span> M\u00e9xico<\/span>.<\/p>\n

ESPA\u00d1A<\/span>, BASTA<\/span> DE EXCUSAS<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Las organizaciones<\/span> resaltaron<\/span> que<\/span> durante<\/span> esta<\/span> investigaci\u00f3n<\/span> que<\/span> se busca<\/span> impulsar<\/span> en M\u00e9xico<\/span>, el Gobierno<\/span> espa\u00f1ol<\/span>, debe<\/span> colaborar<\/span> plenamente<\/span> en cualquier<\/span> solicitud<\/span> de asistencia<\/span> jur\u00eddica<\/span> mutua<\/span> en materia<\/span> penal emitida<\/span> por<\/span> autoridades<\/span> mexicanas<\/span> que<\/span> decidan<\/span> investigar<\/span> estos<\/span> cr\u00edmenes<\/span> cometidos<\/span> en Espa\u00f1a<\/span>. \u201cEl Estado<\/span> espa\u00f1ol<\/span> debe<\/span> dejar<\/span> de lado<\/span> las<\/span> excusas<\/span> y aceptar<\/span> sus<\/span> obligaciones<\/span> internacionales<\/span>: son ya<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> de 40 a\u00f1os<\/span> sin avances<\/span><\/strong>\u201d, denuncia<\/span> Esteban Beltr\u00e1n<\/span>, director de Amnist\u00eda<\/span> Internacional<\/span> Espa\u00f1a<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Las organizaciones<\/span> piden<\/span> al nuevo<\/span> Gobierno<\/span> y al nuevo<\/span> Parlamento<\/span>, que<\/span> ser\u00e1n<\/span> constituidos<\/span> en los pr\u00f3ximos<\/span> meses<\/span>, que<\/span> tome una<\/span> serie<\/span> de medidas<\/span> para<\/span> garantizar<\/span> el derecho<\/span> a la verdad<\/span>, la justicia<\/span> y la reparaci\u00f3n<\/span> a las<\/span> v\u00edctimas<\/span> de la guerra<\/span> civil y el franquismo<\/span>:<\/p>\n

Que<\/span> se asegure<\/span> que<\/span> la Ley<\/span> de Amnist\u00eda<\/span> no supone<\/span> un obst\u00e1culo<\/span> para<\/span> investigar<\/span> cr\u00edmenes<\/span> de derecho<\/span> internacional<\/span> cometidos<\/span> durante<\/span> la guerra<\/span> civil y el franquismo<\/span>. Que<\/span> se asegure<\/span> de que<\/span> se adopten<\/span> medidas<\/span> inmediatas<\/span> para<\/span> garantizar<\/span> la imprescriptibilidad<\/span> de los cr\u00edmenes<\/span> de derecho<\/span> internacional<\/span>. Que<\/span> se ratifique<\/span> prontamente<\/span> y sin reservas<\/span> la Convenci\u00f3n<\/span> sobre<\/span> la imprescriptibilidad<\/span> de los Cr\u00edmenes<\/span> de Guerra y de los Cr\u00edmenes<\/span> de Lesa<\/span> Humanidad<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u201cLos v\u00edctimas<\/span> est\u00e1n<\/span> falleciendo<\/span>, y no podemos<\/span> dejar<\/span> que<\/span> cr\u00edmenes<\/span> lesa<\/span> humanidad<\/span> permanezcan<\/span> impunes\u201d<\/span>,<\/strong>asegura<\/span> Ignacio Jovtis<\/span>, investigador<\/span> de AI.<\/p>\n

M\u00e9xico<\/span> se sit\u00faa<\/span> como<\/span> un actor relevante<\/span> para<\/span> ayudar<\/span> a luchar<\/span> contra la impunidad<\/span> de estas<\/span> graves violaciones<\/span> de derechos<\/span> humanos<\/span>. Por<\/span> un lado<\/span>, cuenta<\/span> con una<\/span> legislaci\u00f3n<\/span> adecuada<\/span> que<\/span> permitir\u00eda<\/span> la investigaci\u00f3n<\/span> de estos<\/span> casos<\/span>. Tanto<\/span> la reforma<\/span> constitucional<\/span> de 2011, que<\/span> establece<\/span> que<\/span> los derechos<\/span> humanos<\/span> reconocidos<\/span> en tratados<\/span> internacionales<\/span> tienen<\/span> vigencia<\/span> plena en el pa\u00eds<\/span> y deben<\/span> ser<\/span> respetados<\/span> por<\/span> todas<\/span> las<\/span> autoridades<\/span>; como<\/span> el hecho<\/span> de que<\/span> ha reconocido<\/span> el car\u00e1cter<\/span> vinculante<\/span> de las<\/span> sentencias<\/span> de la Corte<\/span> Interamericana<\/span>, le colocan<\/span> en una<\/span> situaci\u00f3n<\/span> interesante<\/span> que<\/span> habilitar\u00eda<\/span> la investigaci\u00f3n<\/span> de estas<\/span> graves violaciones<\/span> de derechos<\/span> humanos<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u201cEsta<\/span> es<\/span> una<\/span> oportunidad<\/span> para<\/span> que<\/span> M\u00e9xico<\/span>, donde<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> de 27.000 personas se encuentran<\/span> desaparecidos<\/span>, impulse un cambio<\/span> e investigue<\/span> las<\/span> graves violaciones<\/span> de derechos<\/span> humanos<\/span>, incluidas<\/span> las<\/span> desapariciones<\/span> forzadas<\/span>, tanto<\/span> en el propio<\/span> como<\/span> en otros<\/span> pa\u00edses<\/span><\/strong>\u201d, ha asegurado<\/span> Perseo<\/span> Quiroz<\/span>, director de Amnist\u00eda<\/span> Internacional<\/span> M\u00e9xico<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Los derechos<\/span> a la verdad<\/span>, la justicia<\/span> y la reparaci\u00f3n<\/span> de las<\/span> v\u00edctimas<\/span> de cr\u00edmenes<\/span> de derecho<\/span> internacional<\/span> cometidos<\/span> durante<\/span> la Guerra Civil y el franquismo<\/span> (1936-1975) siguen<\/span> siendo<\/span> denegados<\/span> en Espa\u00f1a<\/span>. Las autoridades<\/span> no han<\/span> llevado<\/span> a cabo<\/span> ninguna<\/span> investigaci\u00f3n<\/span> judicial exhaustiva<\/span> para<\/span> conocer<\/span> la verdad<\/span> de las<\/span> circunstancias<\/span> que<\/span> rodearon<\/span> los abusos<\/span> cometidos<\/span> durante<\/span> este<\/span> per\u00edodo<\/span>.<\/p>\n

PARA SABER M\u00c1S<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Despu\u00e9s<\/span> de intentos<\/span> frustrados<\/span> durante<\/span> la d\u00e9cada<\/span> de los noventa<\/span> y las<\/span> reclamaciones<\/span> que<\/span> se llevaron<\/span> a cabo<\/span> para<\/span> que<\/span> se investigaran<\/span> homicidios<\/span> y desapariciones<\/span> forzadas<\/span>, y que<\/span> se exhumaran<\/span> los restos<\/span> de las<\/span> personas enterradas<\/span> (sin contar<\/span> con una<\/span> respuesta<\/span> adecuada<\/span> por<\/span> parte<\/span> del Gobierno<\/span> espa\u00f1ol<\/span>), el 14 de diciembre<\/span> de 2006, v\u00edctimas<\/span>, familiares<\/span> y asociaciones<\/span> interpusieron<\/span> una<\/span> querella<\/span> ante la Audiencia<\/span> Nacional<\/span> por<\/span> delitos<\/span> de lesa<\/span> humanidad<\/span> cometidos<\/span> durante<\/span> la Guerra Civil y el franquismo<\/span>, a la que<\/span> se fueron<\/span> sumando<\/span> las<\/span> denuncias<\/span> que<\/span> daban<\/span> cuenta<\/span> de 114.266 desapariciones<\/span> forzadas<\/span> y otros<\/span> delitos<\/span> entre<\/span> el 17 de julio<\/span> de 1936 y diciembre<\/span> de 1951.<\/p>\n

La tendencia<\/span> al archivo<\/span> de los casos<\/span> se ha consolidado<\/span> despu\u00e9s<\/span> de que<\/span> en 2012 el Tribunal Supremo<\/span> se amparara<\/span> en varios<\/span> argumentos<\/span> que<\/span> podr\u00edan<\/span> impedir<\/span> a los jueces<\/span> investigar<\/span>. Entre<\/span> ellos<\/span>, la existencia<\/span> de la ley<\/span> de Amnist\u00eda<\/span>, la posibilidad<\/span> de la prescripci\u00f3n<\/span> del delito<\/span> o que<\/span> los cr\u00edmenes<\/span> no estuvieran<\/span> tipificados<\/span> como<\/span> tal<\/span> en el momento<\/span> en que<\/span> tuvieron<\/span> lugar<\/span>, el presunto<\/span> fallecimiento<\/span> de los autores<\/span> o la Ley<\/span> de Memoria<\/span> Hist\u00f3rica<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Durante<\/span> la Guerra Civil y el franquismo<\/span> fueron<\/span> muchas<\/span> las<\/span> v\u00edctimas<\/span> de graves violaciones<\/span> de derechos<\/span> humanos<\/span> que<\/span> el derecho<\/span> internacional<\/span> prohib\u00eda<\/span> y condenaba<\/span>, como<\/span> tortura<\/span>, ejecuciones<\/span> extrajudiciales<\/span>, desapariciones<\/span> forzadas<\/span> y otros<\/span> actos<\/span> que<\/span> pueden<\/span> enmarcarse<\/span> como<\/span> cr\u00edmenes<\/span> contra la humanidad<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Amnist\u00eda<\/span> Internacional<\/span> ha publicado<\/span> varios<\/span> informes<\/span> en los que<\/span> documenta<\/span> la indefensi\u00f3n<\/span> de las<\/span> v\u00edctimas<\/span> de la Guerra Civil y el franquismo<\/span> por<\/span> la tendencia<\/span> continuada<\/span> de los jueces<\/span> espa\u00f1oles<\/span> al archivo<\/span> y la falta<\/span> de investigaci\u00f3n<\/span> de los cr\u00edmenes<\/span> de derecho<\/span> internacional<\/span> cometidos<\/span> durante<\/span> esta<\/span> \u00e9poca<\/span>.<\/p>\n

En los \u00faltimos<\/span> dos a\u00f1os<\/span>, al menos<\/span> 5 mecanismos<\/span> de Naciones<\/span> Unidas<\/span> han<\/span> constatado<\/span> y expresado<\/span> que<\/span> Espa\u00f1a<\/span> ni<\/span> investiga<\/span> ni<\/span> deja<\/span> investigar<\/span> y le han<\/span> recomendado<\/span> que<\/span> cumpla<\/span> con sus<\/span> obligaciones<\/span> internacionales<\/span> para<\/span> llevar<\/span> verdad<\/span>, justicia<\/span> y reparaci\u00f3n<\/span> a las<\/span> v\u00edctimas<\/span> de la Guerra Civil y el franquismo<\/span>, y que<\/span> colabore<\/span> con otras<\/span> naciones<\/span> que<\/span> pretendan<\/span> iniciar<\/span> investigaciones<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Comisi\u00f3n Mexicana para la Defensa y Promoci\u00f3n de los Derechos Humanos (CMDPDH) presenta una demanda judicial ante la Procuradur\u00eda General mexicana por el caso de F\u00e9lix Llorente Guti\u00e9rrez, ferroviario y sindicalista, que desapareci\u00f3 despu\u00e9s de ser detenido y trasladado a la prisi\u00f3n de Medina del Campo en julio de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8704","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualidad","category-global"],"yoast_head":"\nAhora, M\u00e9xico: querella contra los cr\u00edmenes del franquismo - Revista Rambla<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/ahora-mexico-querella-contra-los-crimenes-del-franquismo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ahora, M\u00e9xico: querella contra los cr\u00edmenes del franquismo - 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