{"id":6603,"date":"2015-01-06T09:55:42","date_gmt":"2015-01-06T09:55:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/miles-de-inmigrantes-sin-trabajo-viven-encerrados-en-un-limbo-legal\/"},"modified":"2015-01-06T09:55:42","modified_gmt":"2015-01-06T09:55:42","slug":"miles-de-inmigrantes-sin-trabajo-viven-encerrados-en-un-limbo-legal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/miles-de-inmigrantes-sin-trabajo-viven-encerrados-en-un-limbo-legal\/","title":{"rendered":"Miles de inmigrantes sin trabajo viven encerrados en un limbo legal"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\t\"alt\"Espa\u00f1a<\/span> no solo pas\u00f3<\/span> de ser<\/span> un pa\u00eds<\/span> de llegada<\/span> a un pa\u00eds<\/span> de emisi\u00f3n<\/span> de personas sino<\/span> que<\/span> ahora<\/span> cuenta<\/span> con un gran<\/span> n\u00famero<\/span> de inmigrantes<\/span> que<\/span>, despu\u00e9s<\/span> de vivir<\/span> y trabajar<\/span> durante<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> aqu\u00ed<\/span>, vuelven<\/span> a estar<\/span> indocumentados<\/span> tras<\/span> haber<\/span> perdido<\/span> el empleo<\/span>, a causa<\/span> de la pol\u00edtica<\/span> de extranjer\u00eda<\/span> pactada<\/span> por<\/span> PP y PSOE<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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\tEspa\u00f1a<\/span> no solo pas\u00f3<\/span> de ser<\/span> un pa\u00eds<\/span> de llegada<\/span> a un pa\u00eds<\/span> de emisi\u00f3n<\/span> de personas sino<\/span> que<\/span> ahora<\/span> cuenta<\/span> con un gran<\/span> n\u00famero<\/span> de inmigrantes<\/span> que<\/span>, despu\u00e9s<\/span> de vivir<\/span> y trabajar<\/span> durante<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> aqu\u00ed<\/span>, vuelven<\/span> a estar<\/span> indocumentados<\/span> tras<\/span> haber<\/span> perdido<\/span> el empleo<\/span>, a causa<\/span> de la pol\u00edtica<\/span> de extranjer\u00eda<\/span> pactada<\/span> por<\/span> PP y PSOE<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\t\"alt\"<\/span><\/p>\n

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\tDesde<\/span> el inicio<\/span> de la crisis, hace<\/span> ya<\/span> siete<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span>, son muchas<\/span> las<\/span> cosas<\/span> que<\/span> cambiaron<\/span> en Espa\u00f1a<\/span>. Las consecuencias<\/span> del estallido<\/span> de la burbuja<\/span> de la bonanza son visibles<\/span> cada<\/span> d\u00eda<\/span> en las<\/span> portadas<\/span> de los peri\u00f3dicos<\/span> pero<\/span>, sobre<\/span> todo<\/span>, en las<\/span> calles<\/span> y en el interior de cada<\/span> casa. El paro<\/span> golpe\u00f3<\/span>– y golpea<\/span> a\u00fan<\/span>, pese<\/span> a las<\/span> auspiciosas<\/span> declaraciones<\/span> del Gobierno<\/span> en cuanto<\/span> a la econom\u00eda<\/span> del pa\u00eds<\/span>– a buena<\/span> parte<\/span> de la poblaci\u00f3n<\/span> y, dentro<\/span> de ella<\/span>, a un colectivo<\/span> especialmente<\/span> vulnerable: el de los inmigrantes<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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\tRecientemente<\/span> el informe<\/span> anual<\/span> sobre<\/span> migraciones<\/span> de la Organizaci\u00f3n<\/span> para<\/span> la Cooperaci\u00f3n<\/span> y el Desarrollo<\/span> Econ\u00f3mico<\/span> (OCDE<\/span>), ha confirmado<\/span> que<\/span> Espa\u00f1a<\/span> pas\u00f3<\/span> de ser<\/span> el segundo<\/span> pa\u00eds<\/span>– tras<\/span> Estados<\/span> Unidos<\/span>– en recibir<\/span> inmigrantes<\/span> en 2007, a ser<\/span> el octavo en 2012. El impacto<\/span> de la crisis provoc\u00f3<\/span>, sin duda<\/span>, la salida<\/span> de muchos<\/span> extranjeros<\/span> que<\/span> han<\/span> dejado<\/span> de ver<\/span> en este<\/span> pa\u00eds<\/span> una<\/span> oportunidad<\/span> de crecimiento<\/span>. Pero<\/span> un dato<\/span> que<\/span> las<\/span> estad\u00edsticas<\/span> oficiales<\/span> no recogen<\/span> es<\/span> el de todos<\/span> aquellos<\/span> que<\/span>, despu\u00e9s<\/span> de haber<\/span> residido<\/span> y trabajado<\/span> durante<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> en Espa\u00f1a<\/span>, est\u00e1n<\/span> perdiendo<\/span> sus<\/span> permisos<\/span> de residencia<\/span> por<\/span> haberse<\/span> quedado<\/span> en el paro<\/span>. Seg\u00fan<\/span> las<\/span> asociaciones<\/span> especializadas<\/span> en la asesor\u00eda<\/span> de inmigrantes<\/span>, es<\/span> alarmante<\/span> el aumento<\/span> de personas extranjeras<\/span> que<\/span> se encuentran<\/span> en esta<\/span> situaci\u00f3n<\/span>, la cual<\/span> califican<\/span> como<\/span> una<\/span> “verdadera<\/span> encerrona”<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\tIris Vega Cantero<\/span>, responsable<\/span> del \u00e1rea<\/span> de inmigraci\u00f3n<\/span> de FICAT<\/span> (FranciscanosInternacional<\/span> Catalunya<\/span>), una<\/span> asociaci\u00f3n<\/span> que<\/span> trabaja<\/span> en Barcelona para<\/span> el acceso<\/span> a la justicia<\/span> de colectivos<\/span> vulnerables<\/span>, explica<\/span> que<\/span> desde<\/span> el 2012 las<\/span> reformas<\/span> que<\/span> ha ido<\/span> implementando<\/span> el PP en materia<\/span> de extranjer\u00eda<\/span> “han<\/span> cerrado<\/span> todos<\/span> los mecanismos<\/span> para<\/span> que<\/span> las<\/span> personas puedan<\/span> mantener<\/span> en regla<\/span> sus<\/span> papeles<\/span> porque<\/span>, si<\/span> no tienen<\/span> trabajo<\/span>, ya<\/span> no cuentan<\/span> las<\/span> residencias<\/span> anteriores<\/span> a la hora<\/span> de la renovaci\u00f3n”<\/span>. La abogada<\/span> denuncia<\/span> que<\/span> en estos<\/span> momentos<\/span>, son miles los que<\/span> “viven<\/span> en un limbo legal” tras<\/span> haberse<\/span> quedado<\/span> indocumentados<\/span> a causa<\/span> de perder<\/span> el empleo<\/span>. “El Gobierno<\/span> sostiene<\/span> una<\/span> pol\u00edtica<\/span> de expulsi\u00f3n<\/span> porque<\/span> no quieren<\/span> inmigrantes<\/span> si<\/span> no les sirven<\/span> como<\/span> mano<\/span> de obra”<\/span>, se\u00f1ala<\/span> Iris.<\/p>\n

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\tDesde<\/span> el CITE (Centre d’Informaci\u00f3<\/span> per a Treballadors<\/span> Estrangers de CCOO<\/span>), su<\/span> presidente<\/span>, Carles<\/span> Bertran<\/span>, comparte<\/span> la misma<\/span> preocupaci\u00f3n<\/span>. La entidad<\/span>, que<\/span> desde<\/span> 1986 asesora<\/span> gratuitamente<\/span> en Barcelona a los reci\u00e9n<\/span> llegados<\/span> tanto<\/span> en aspectos<\/span> legales<\/span> como<\/span> de integraci\u00f3n<\/span> al entorno<\/span>, cuenta<\/span> que<\/span> en los \u00faltimos<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> es<\/span> la crisis la que<\/span> est\u00e1<\/span> marcando<\/span> su<\/span> labor. “La gente<\/span> tiene<\/span> mucha<\/span> dificultad<\/span> para<\/span> la renovaci\u00f3n<\/span> de su<\/span> permiso<\/span> de trabajo<\/span> y quienes<\/span> ya<\/span> lo han<\/span> perdido<\/span> ven<\/span> casi<\/span> imposible<\/span> recuperarlo<\/span>. Este<\/span> es<\/span> ahora<\/span> nuestro<\/span> peor<\/span> problema”<\/span>, asegura<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\tAnte el drama de que<\/span> un n\u00famero<\/span> cada<\/span> vez<\/span> mayor de personas caiga<\/span> en riesgo<\/span> de exclusi\u00f3n<\/span> social por<\/span> no tener<\/span> ni<\/span> empleo<\/span> ni<\/span> documentaci\u00f3n<\/span>– y, por<\/span> tanto<\/span>, en un porcentaje<\/span> alto de los casos<\/span>, tampoco<\/span> recursos<\/span> para<\/span> regresar<\/span> a sus<\/span> pa\u00edses<\/span> de origen<\/span>– los sindicatos<\/span> y las<\/span> asociaciones<\/span> ciudadanas<\/span> llevan<\/span> tiempo<\/span> reclamando<\/span> por<\/span> <\/strong>la<\/strong>flexibilizaci\u00f3n<\/span> de la Ley<\/span> de extranjer\u00eda<\/span>. Con la intenci\u00f3n<\/span> de garantizar<\/span> <\/strong>\u00a0que<\/span> las<\/span> personas que<\/span> tienen<\/span> la documentaci\u00f3n<\/span> en regla<\/span> puedan<\/span> mantenerla<\/span>, el Consejo<\/span> Municipal de Inmigraci\u00f3n<\/span> del Ayuntamiento<\/span> de Barcelona ha reunido<\/span> este<\/span> verano<\/span> a expertos<\/span> del \u00e1mbito<\/span> jur\u00eddico<\/span> para<\/span> encontrar<\/span> caminos<\/span> paralelos<\/span> a la aplicaci\u00f3n<\/span> de la ley<\/span> estatal<\/span>. El resultado<\/span> ha sido<\/span> un documento<\/span> con 67 propuestas<\/span> que<\/span> se ha presentado<\/span> en septiembre<\/span> y ahora<\/span> los grupos<\/span> implicados<\/span>, acad\u00e9micos<\/span> y parlamentarios<\/span> est\u00e1n<\/span> analizando<\/span>. “Como n<\/strong>os<\/span> preocupa<\/span> que<\/span> en el contexto<\/span> pol\u00edtico<\/span> actual una<\/span> reforma<\/span> de la ley<\/span> sea, m\u00e1s<\/span> bien<\/span>, para<\/span> empeorarla<\/span>, proponemos<\/span> medidas<\/span> que<\/span> se pueden<\/span> adoptar<\/span> mediante<\/span> circulares<\/span>, normativas<\/span> municipales<\/span> o interpretaciones<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> favorables<\/span> al usuario<\/span> por<\/span> parte<\/span> de la Oficina<\/span> de extranjer\u00eda”<\/span>, afirma<\/span> Carles<\/span> Bertran<\/span>. “Claro<\/span> que<\/span> creemos<\/span> que<\/span> es<\/span> necesario<\/span> cambiar<\/span> la ley<\/span>– y esa<\/span> ser\u00eda<\/span> la verdadera<\/span> modificaci\u00f3n<\/span> de fondo<\/span>– pero<\/span> implica<\/span> un consenso<\/span> que<\/span> es<\/span> un proceso<\/span> de largo recorrido<\/span> y la gente<\/span> no puede<\/span> esperar”<\/span>, advierte<\/span> el responsable<\/span> del CITE.<\/p>\n

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\tTanto<\/span> las<\/span> plataformas<\/span> de apoyo<\/span> al inmigrante<\/span> como<\/span> los juristas<\/span> consultados<\/span> coinciden<\/span> en que<\/span> el error sustancial<\/span> de la norma<\/span> aprobada<\/span> por<\/span> socialistas<\/span> y populares<\/span> es<\/span> el haber<\/span> sido<\/span> pensada<\/span> para<\/span> regular flujos<\/span> migratorios<\/span> en un momento<\/span> de crecimiento<\/span> econ\u00f3mico<\/span> y, en cambio<\/span>, no estar<\/span> preparada<\/span> para<\/span> una<\/span> crisis de larga<\/span> duraci\u00f3n<\/span> como<\/span> la actual. “Lo que<\/span> pone de manifiesto<\/span> la Ley<\/span> de extranjer\u00eda<\/span> es<\/span> una<\/span> visi\u00f3n<\/span> muy<\/span> utilitaria<\/span> de la inmigraci\u00f3n”<\/span>, expone<\/span> Bertran<\/span>. “La inmigraci\u00f3n<\/span> era entendida<\/span> como<\/span> un recurso<\/span> necesario<\/span> porque<\/span> hab\u00eda<\/span> una<\/span> demanda<\/span> de la econom\u00eda<\/span> y entonces<\/span> se planteaba<\/span> que<\/span>, en el momento<\/span> de una<\/span> eventual crisis econ\u00f3mica<\/span>, la gente<\/span> se volver\u00eda<\/span> a su<\/span> pa\u00eds<\/span>. Pero<\/span> esto<\/span> no es<\/span> as\u00ed<\/span>, no se ha tenido<\/span> en cuenta<\/span> que<\/span> las<\/span> personas no se mueven<\/span> solo por<\/span> motivos<\/span> laborales<\/span> sino<\/span> que<\/span> muchos<\/span>, adem\u00e1s<\/span>, han<\/span> llegado<\/span> para<\/span> darle<\/span> un mejor<\/span> futuro<\/span> a los hijos<\/span>, para<\/span> recibir<\/span> sanidad<\/span> y educaci\u00f3n<\/span>, para<\/span> tener<\/span> libertad<\/span> pol\u00edtica<\/span> y religiosa<\/span>, o por<\/span> razones<\/span> de seguridad<\/span>, para<\/span> poder<\/span> salir<\/span> a la calle<\/span> tranquilos”<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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\tMientras<\/span> el fen\u00f3meno<\/span> creciente<\/span> de los inmigrantes<\/span> que<\/span> se hallan<\/span> atrapados<\/span> en un limbo legal no ha sido<\/span> a\u00fan<\/span> traducido<\/span> a cifras<\/span> por<\/span> la dificultad<\/span> de su<\/span> contabilizaci\u00f3n<\/span>, de lo que<\/span> s\u00ed<\/span> hay preciso<\/span> registro<\/span> es<\/span> de la transformaci\u00f3n<\/span> de Espa\u00f1a<\/span> como<\/span> pa\u00eds<\/span> de llegada<\/span>, en pa\u00eds<\/span> de emisi\u00f3n<\/span> de habitantes<\/span>. El informe<\/span> publicado<\/span> la semana<\/span> pasada<\/span> por<\/span> la Organizaci\u00f3n<\/span> para<\/span> la Cooperaci\u00f3n<\/span> y el Desarrollo<\/span> Econ\u00f3mico<\/span> (OCDE<\/span>), constat\u00f3<\/span> <\/strong>que<\/span> 2012 fue<\/span> el quinto<\/span> a\u00f1o<\/span> consecutivo<\/span> en que<\/span> Espa\u00f1a<\/span> experiment\u00f3<\/span> un descenso<\/span> de los flujos<\/span> migratorios<\/span> y que<\/span> dicha<\/span> disminuci\u00f3n<\/span> de las<\/span> entradas<\/span> ha ido<\/span> pareja<\/span> a las<\/span> salidas<\/span> de extranjeros<\/span>, que<\/span> fueron<\/span> 321.000 en 2012, lo que<\/span> dej\u00f3<\/span> el saldo<\/span> migratorio<\/span>– 15.500 personas- m\u00e1s<\/span> bajo<\/span> de la d\u00e9cada<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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\t“Ha cambiado<\/span> mucho<\/span> el flujo<\/span> migratorio<\/span>: antes ten\u00edamos<\/span> una<\/span> gran<\/span> llegada<\/span> de extranjeros<\/span> atra\u00eddos<\/span> por<\/span> la demanda<\/span> de mano<\/span> de obra<\/span> pero<\/span>, principalmente<\/span> desde<\/span> el 2012, lo que<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> vemos<\/span> en nuestras<\/span> oficinas<\/span> es<\/span> gente<\/span> que<\/span> quiere<\/span> volver<\/span> a su<\/span> pa\u00eds<\/span> de origen<\/span> o emigrar<\/span> a otro<\/span> porque<\/span> aqu\u00ed<\/span> no encuentra<\/span> trabajo<\/span>, muchos<\/span> de ellos<\/span> extranjeros<\/span> o hijos<\/span> de extranjeros<\/span>, ya<\/span> nacionalizados”<\/span>, describe Carles<\/span> Bertran<\/span>, responsable<\/span> del CITE. “Nosotros<\/span> ya<\/span> hemos<\/span> pasado<\/span> de ser<\/span> Secretar\u00eda<\/span> de inmigraci\u00f3n<\/span> a ser<\/span> de emigraci\u00f3n”<\/span>, puntualiza<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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\t“Ahora<\/span> los extracomunitarios<\/span> solo vienen<\/span> porque<\/span> se casan<\/span> con un comunitario<\/span> o se reagrupan<\/span> con un familiar. Anta\u00f1o<\/span> la mayor\u00eda<\/span> llegaba<\/span> con contrato<\/span> de trabajo<\/span> desde<\/span> el lugar<\/span> de origen<\/span> pero<\/span> ahora<\/span>, con el paro<\/span> que<\/span> hay en Espa\u00f1a<\/span>, los contratos<\/span> pasan<\/span> antes por<\/span> un filtro<\/span> en el Ministerio<\/span> que<\/span> los suele<\/span> denegar”<\/span>, explica<\/span> Iris Vega Cantero<\/span>, de FICAT<\/span>. Los requisitos<\/span> para<\/span> entrar<\/span> al pa\u00eds<\/span> se basan<\/span> en un cat\u00e1logo<\/span> que<\/span> lista<\/span> las<\/span> ocupaciones<\/span> para<\/span> las<\/span> cuales<\/span> hay demanda<\/span> pero<\/span>, seg\u00fan<\/span> los expertos<\/span> en extranjer\u00eda<\/span>, desde<\/span> hace<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> que<\/span> ese<\/span> cat\u00e1logo<\/span> es<\/span> casi<\/span> cero<\/span>. “Como no hay m\u00e1s<\/span> demanda<\/span> de puestos<\/span> de trabajo<\/span> a cubrir<\/span> desde<\/span> el extranjero<\/span>, el mecanismo<\/span> cl\u00e1sico<\/span> del contrato<\/span> desde<\/span> el origen<\/span> se cort\u00f3<\/span> y la \u00fanica<\/span> v\u00eda<\/span> que<\/span> sigue<\/span> existiendo<\/span> es<\/span> la de reagrupaci\u00f3n<\/span> familiar”, ratifica<\/span> Carles<\/span> Bertr\u00e1n<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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\tEn definitiva<\/span>, ante esta<\/span> realidad<\/span> migratoria<\/span> que<\/span>, claramente<\/span>, no favorece<\/span> el desarrollo<\/span> del pa\u00eds<\/span>, la postura<\/span> de las<\/span> entidades<\/span> que<\/span> trabajan<\/span> en el \u00e1mbito<\/span> de extranjer\u00eda<\/span> es<\/span> un\u00e1nime<\/span> y la refleja<\/span> Bertr\u00e1n<\/span> al concluir<\/span> que<\/span> “no nos podemos<\/span> permitir<\/span> expulsar<\/span> a personas que<\/span> ya<\/span> llevan<\/span> mucho<\/span> tiempo<\/span> en nuestro<\/span> pa\u00eds<\/span>, que<\/span> conocen<\/span> la lengua<\/span> y las<\/span> costumbres<\/span> y que<\/span> sus<\/span> hijos<\/span> ya<\/span> han<\/span> ido<\/span> a la escuela<\/span> para<\/span> luego<\/span>, cuando<\/span> se pase<\/span> la crisis, volver<\/span> a pedir<\/span> mano<\/span> de obra<\/span> del exterior y perpetuar<\/span> infinitamente<\/span> el c\u00edrculo<\/span> vicioso<\/span> de la inmigraci\u00f3n<\/span> ilegal”<\/span>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 \u00a0 Espa\u00f1a no solo pas\u00f3 de ser un pa\u00eds de llegada a un pa\u00eds de emisi\u00f3n de personas sino que ahora cuenta con un gran n\u00famero de inmigrantes que, despu\u00e9s de vivir y trabajar durante a\u00f1os aqu\u00ed, vuelven a estar indocumentados tras haber perdido el empleo, a causa de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6603","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-catalunya"],"yoast_head":"\nMiles de inmigrantes sin trabajo viven encerrados en un limbo legal - Revista Rambla<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/miles-de-inmigrantes-sin-trabajo-viven-encerrados-en-un-limbo-legal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Miles de inmigrantes sin trabajo viven encerrados en un limbo legal - 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