{"id":5661,"date":"2014-07-16T12:42:41","date_gmt":"2014-07-16T12:42:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/los-crimenes-franquistas-en-la-tiyera\/"},"modified":"2023-03-03T15:41:38","modified_gmt":"2023-03-03T14:41:38","slug":"los-crimenes-franquistas-en-la-tiyera","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/los-crimenes-franquistas-en-la-tiyera\/","title":{"rendered":"Los cr\u00edmenes franquistas en la Tiyera"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

Presentar\u00e1n<\/span> denuncias<\/span> por<\/span> asesinatos<\/span>, desapariciones<\/span>…<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Este<\/span> jueves<\/span> 17 de julio<\/span>, por<\/span> iniciativa<\/span> de La Comuna<\/span> d\u2019Asturies<\/span>, el grupo<\/span> asturiano<\/span> que<\/span> forma parte<\/span> de CeAQUA<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(Coordinadora<\/span> estatal<\/span> de apoyo<\/span> a la Querella<\/span> Argentina contra cr\u00edmenes<\/span> del franquismo<\/span>), se presentar\u00e1n<\/span> los casos<\/span> que<\/span> cuatro<\/span> asturianos<\/span> en el\u00a0\u00a0consulado<\/span> de Argentina en Madrid. Presentar\u00e1n<\/span> denuncias<\/span> por<\/span> asesinatos<\/span>, desapariciones<\/span>, encarcelamientos<\/span> y torturas<\/span> acontecidos<\/span> en los a\u00f1os<\/span> de la Guerra Civil y posguerra<\/span> contra gente<\/span> de ese<\/span> pueblo. Sus<\/span> casos<\/span> se entregar\u00e1n<\/span> al c\u00f3nsul<\/span> para<\/span> que<\/span> se remitan<\/span> a la causa<\/span> que<\/span> la jueza<\/span> Mar\u00eda<\/span> Servini<\/span> de Cubr\u00eda<\/span> dirige<\/span> en Argentina para<\/span> investigar<\/span> cr\u00edmenes<\/span> del franquismo<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

La Tiyera<\/span> es<\/span> un peque\u00f1o<\/span> pueblo a caballo<\/span> entre<\/span> la parroquia<\/span> langreana<\/span> de Cia\u00f1u<\/span> y la mierense<\/span> de Santa Rosa, en el alto que<\/span> separa<\/span> los dos concejos<\/span>. Dedicado<\/span> en las<\/span> primeras<\/span> d\u00e9cadas<\/span> del siglo<\/span> XX a la explotaci\u00f3n<\/span> del carb\u00f3n<\/span>, era un n\u00facleo<\/span> con mucha<\/span> actividad<\/span> sindical<\/span> y pol\u00edtica<\/span>. Cuando<\/span> el frente<\/span> de Asturias<\/span> cae<\/span>, algunos<\/span> de sus<\/span> vecinos<\/span> se fugan<\/span> al monte<\/span> y la represi\u00f3n<\/span> caer\u00e1<\/span> encima<\/span> de ellos<\/span> y de sus<\/span> familias<\/span> a manos<\/span> de la Falange<\/span> y la Guardia Civil. Con media docena<\/span> de casas<\/span> y una<\/span> docena<\/span> de familias<\/span> viviendo<\/span> en ellas<\/span>, La Tiyera<\/span> sufri\u00f3<\/span> entre<\/span> 1937 y 1941 una<\/span> aut\u00e9ntica<\/span> masacre<\/span>: 15 vecinos<\/span> resultaron<\/span> muertos<\/span>, otros<\/span> siete<\/span> pasaron<\/span> por<\/span> las<\/span> prisiones<\/span> y campos<\/span> de concentraci\u00f3n<\/span>, y \u00a0otro<\/span> fue<\/span> desterrado<\/span>.<\/p>\n

En febrero<\/span> de 1937, seis<\/span> d\u00edas<\/span> despu\u00e9s<\/span> de la entrada<\/span> en Xix\u00f3n<\/span> de las<\/span> tropas<\/span> franquistas<\/span>, sacan<\/span> de casa a\u00a0Vicente Rodr\u00edguez<\/span> Rodr\u00edguez<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0y a\u00a0Cecilio<\/span> Gonz\u00e1lez<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0para<\/span> llevarlos<\/span> al cuartel<\/span> de la Guardia Civil en Santu<\/span> Miano<\/span>. Por<\/span> el camino<\/span> los torturan<\/span> hasta<\/span> matarlos<\/span> y los entierran<\/span> en el monte<\/span>. Sus<\/span> familiares<\/span> no pudieron<\/span> trasladar<\/span> sus<\/span> cuerpos<\/span> a un cementerio<\/span> hasta<\/span> 1952.<\/p>\n

En marzo<\/span>, el vecino<\/span>\u00a0Jes\u00fas<\/span> Iglesias<\/strong>\u00a0muere<\/span> en la c\u00e1rcel<\/span> por<\/span> el hambre<\/span> y las<\/span> torturas<\/span>. En La Tiyera<\/span> el panorama no era mejor<\/span>. All\u00ed<\/span> se instala<\/span> un cuartel<\/span> donde<\/span> act\u00faan<\/span> miembros<\/span> de la Guardia Civil, del Ej\u00e9rcito<\/span>, falangistas<\/span>, mercenarios<\/span> de Marruecos<\/span>… Lo que<\/span> era un espacio<\/span> de actividades<\/span> c\u00edvicas<\/span> se convierte<\/span> en un escenario<\/span> de violencia<\/span> y muerte<\/span>. Nada m\u00e1s<\/span> quedan<\/span> las<\/span> mujeres, los ni\u00f1os<\/span> y los viejos<\/span>, porque<\/span> los j\u00f3venes<\/span> hab\u00edan<\/span> huido<\/span> al monte<\/span> o estaban<\/span> escondidos<\/span>. En diciembre<\/span> de ese<\/span> mismo<\/span> a\u00f1o<\/span>, detienen<\/span> a dos hijos<\/span> de Vicente, Antonio\u00a0<\/strong>y\u00a0Onofre<\/span> Rodr\u00edguez<\/span> Zapico<\/span><\/strong>, que<\/span> estaban<\/span> fugados<\/span>. Son condenados<\/span> a muerte<\/span>, aunque<\/span> la pena<\/span> se conmuta<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> tarde<\/span> por<\/span> 30 a\u00f1os<\/span> de prisi\u00f3n<\/span>.<\/p>\n

En 1938, asesinan<\/span> a balazos<\/span> a otro<\/span> hermano<\/span>,\u00a0Vicente Rodr\u00edguez<\/span> Zapico<\/span><\/strong>, que<\/span> estaba<\/span> escondido<\/span> en casa de una<\/span> vecina<\/span>,\u00a0Carmen<\/strong>, a la que<\/span> mandan<\/span> al campo<\/span> de concentraci\u00f3n<\/span> de Arnao<\/span>, en As Figueiras<\/span> (Castripol<\/span>). En octubre<\/span>, otra<\/span> vez<\/span> en el alto de Santu<\/span> Miano<\/span>, matan<\/span> a palos<\/span> a\u00a0Pilar<\/span> Terente<\/span> Fern\u00e1ndez<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0y a\u00a0Amada<\/span> Zapico<\/span> Zapico<\/span><\/strong>, que<\/span> ten\u00eda<\/span> a su<\/span> marido<\/span>,\u00a0Tom\u00e1s<\/span> Fern\u00e1ndez<\/span> Zapico<\/span><\/strong>, fugado<\/span> en el monte<\/span>. Pilar<\/span>, viuda<\/span>, hab\u00eda<\/span> tenido<\/span> que<\/span> abandonar<\/span> su<\/span> casa con cinco<\/span> de sus<\/span> hijos<\/span> porque<\/span> se la hab\u00edan<\/span> quemado<\/span> como<\/span> represalia<\/span>: su<\/span> hijo<\/span> mayor, Belarmino<\/span>, de 17 a\u00f1os<\/span>, se hab\u00eda<\/span> fugado<\/span> al monte<\/span> para<\/span> no tener<\/span> que<\/span> alistarse<\/span> en el Ej\u00e9rcito<\/span> franquista<\/span>. Los dos hijos<\/span> peque\u00f1os<\/span> de Amada<\/span> se quedaron<\/span> con los abuelos<\/span>. Nadie<\/span> pudo<\/span> enterrar<\/span> los cuerpos<\/span> de Pilar<\/span> y Amada<\/span> porque<\/span> sus<\/span> asesinos<\/span> los tiraron<\/span> por<\/span> la chimenea<\/span> de una<\/span> mina<\/span>.<\/p>\n

La represi\u00f3n<\/span> sigue contra las<\/span> familias<\/span> de La Tiyera<\/span>. En mayo de 1939 la Guardia Civil asesina en el monte<\/span> a\u00a0Belarmino<\/span> Fern\u00e1ndez<\/span> Terente<\/span><\/strong>, hijo de Pilar. Los otros cinco hermanos, entre los 16 y los 7 a\u00f1os, hab\u00edan tenido que marcharse de criados a otros pueblos. En julio, condenan a muerte a\u00a0Samuel Sol\u00eds Fern\u00e1ndez<\/strong>\u00a0y lo fusilan en las paredes del cementerio de Uvi\u00e9u.<\/p>\n

En abril de 1940 un grupo de la \u201cbrigadilla\u201d asesina a\u00a0Tom\u00e1s Fern\u00e1ndez Zapico<\/strong>, marido de Amada Zapico, y a\u00a0Aladino Garc\u00eda Fern\u00e1ndez<\/strong>, que estaban escondidos en una casa cerca de La Tiyera. Queman la casa y se dirigen al pueblo, donde cogen a dos mujeres que estaban lavando y les dan una paliza. Son\u00a0Benigna Gonz\u00e1lez Llaneza<\/strong>\u00a0y\u00a0Josefina Terente Zapico<\/strong>. A esta \u00faltima tienen que internarla en el Psiqui\u00e1trico y nunca se recuper\u00f3. En ese mismo mes, la Guardia Civil tambi\u00e9n mata a\u00a0Silvino Iglesias Iglesias<\/strong>\u00a0cuando estaba escondido con otros en Cardi\u00f1uezo (Cia\u00f1u). Entretanto, otro vecino de La Tiyera,\u00a0Manuel Gonz\u00e1lez<\/strong>, muere en la c\u00e1rcel de El Dueso (Cantabria) debido al hambre y los malos tratos. En junio de ese a\u00f1o, un grupo de falangistas asesina en una casa de La Tiyera a C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Zapico<\/strong>, hijo de Vicente y Josefina, y a\u00a0Eliseo Arg\u00fcelles \u00c1lvarez<\/strong>. Los cuerpos estuvieron expuestos en la plaza del pueblo mucho tiempo, aunque sus familiares no pudieron enterrarlos ni supieron en d\u00f3nde acabaron.<\/p>\n

El \u00faltimo caso de este rosario de matanzas es en octubre de 1941, cuando un grupo de falangistas asesinan en su casa a golpes a Josefina Zapico Zapic<\/strong>o, viuda de Vicente Rodr\u00edguez Rodr\u00edguez, que ya hab\u00eda estado desterrada, hab\u00eda visto morir a dos hijos y que ten\u00eda a otros dos en la c\u00e1rcel.<\/p>\n

Pero la represi\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n lleg\u00f3 a otros vecinos de La Tiyera en forma de prisi\u00f3n o destierro. A\u00a0Gil Gonz\u00e1lez Zapico<\/strong>, otro de los hijos de Vicente y Josefina, lo desterraron. A\u00a0Maximino<\/strong>, otro hermano, lo enviaron al campo de concentraci\u00f3n de As Figueiras, que era el m\u00e9todo que usaba el r\u00e9gimen franquista para cortar la ayuda que las familias daban a los \u201cfugaos\u201d en el monte. Con \u00e9l iban su mujer Delfina Fern\u00e1ndez Iglesias<\/strong>\u00a0y su hijas m\u00e1s peque\u00f1as,\u00a0Predestina<\/strong>\u00a0y Dorina<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Presentan las denuncias Maximino Rodr\u00edguez Fern\u00e1ndez (nieto de Vicente y Josefina), Vicente Fern\u00e1ndez Zapico (sobrino de Amada y Tom\u00e1s), y Joaqu\u00edn y Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00f3n Fern\u00e1ndez Garc\u00eda (nietos de Pilar y sobrinos de Belarmino).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Presentar\u00e1n denuncias por asesinatos, desapariciones…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5661","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-catalunya"],"yoast_head":"\nLos cr\u00edmenes franquistas en la Tiyera - Revista Rambla<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/los-crimenes-franquistas-en-la-tiyera\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Los cr\u00edmenes franquistas en la Tiyera - Revista Rambla\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"  Presentar\u00e1n denuncias por asesinatos, desapariciones…\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/los-crimenes-franquistas-en-la-tiyera\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Revista Rambla\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/revistarambla\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/javiercoria7\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-07-16T12:42:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-03-03T14:41:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/victimas-del-franquismo_01.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"682\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"450\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Javier Coria\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@JavierCoriaOk\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@revistarambla\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Javier Coria\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistarambla.com\\\/los-crimenes-franquistas-en-la-tiyera\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistarambla.com\\\/los-crimenes-franquistas-en-la-tiyera\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Javier Coria\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistarambla.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7f74cd8bc26a4556bf27d6cdd9c89c82\"},\"headline\":\"Los cr\u00edmenes franquistas en la Tiyera\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-07-16T12:42:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-03-03T14:41:38+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistarambla.com\\\/los-crimenes-franquistas-en-la-tiyera\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1044,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistarambla.com\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Catalunya\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistarambla.com\\\/los-crimenes-franquistas-en-la-tiyera\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistarambla.com\\\/los-crimenes-franquistas-en-la-tiyera\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.revistarambla.com\\\/los-crimenes-franquistas-en-la-tiyera\\\/\",\"name\":\"Los cr\u00edmenes franquistas en la Tiyera - 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