{"id":5285,"date":"2014-05-09T05:43:40","date_gmt":"2014-05-09T05:43:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/el-mito-de-una-lucha-apolitica-contra-la-pobreza\/"},"modified":"2014-05-09T05:43:40","modified_gmt":"2014-05-09T05:43:40","slug":"el-mito-de-una-lucha-apolitica-contra-la-pobreza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/el-mito-de-una-lucha-apolitica-contra-la-pobreza\/","title":{"rendered":"EL MITO DE UNA LUCHA \u201cAPOL\u00cdTICA\u201d CONTRA LA POBREZA"},"content":{"rendered":"

\t\"alt\"Es<\/span> curiosa<\/span> la capacidad<\/span> de algunas<\/span> ONG<\/span> de personificar<\/span> la pobreza<\/span> en caras<\/span> de personas an\u00f3nimas<\/span>, en historias<\/span> personales<\/span> dram\u00e1ticas<\/span>, o incluso<\/span> en bonitas<\/span> historias<\/span> de superaci\u00f3n<\/span> personal, para<\/span> lograr<\/span> donativos<\/span> y adhesiones<\/span>, y la escasa<\/span> capacidad<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\tEs<\/span> curiosa<\/span> la capacidad<\/span> de algunas<\/span> ONG<\/span> de personificar<\/span> la pobreza<\/span> en caras<\/span> de personas an\u00f3nimas<\/span>, en historias<\/span> personales<\/span> dram\u00e1ticas<\/span>, o incluso<\/span> en bonitas<\/span> historias<\/span> de superaci\u00f3n<\/span> personal, para<\/span> lograr<\/span> donativos<\/span> y adhesiones<\/span>, y la escasa<\/span> capacidad<\/span> de poner<\/span> nombres<\/span> y apellidos<\/span> a los causantes<\/span> de dicha<\/span> pobreza<\/span>. Se recurre<\/span> incluso<\/span> a ingeniosas<\/span> met\u00e1foras<\/span> para<\/span> evitar<\/span> enfrentar-se<\/span> a la dura<\/span> realidad<\/span>: la asistencia<\/span> a las<\/span> personas que<\/span> viven<\/span> en la pobreza<\/span>, por<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> imprescindible<\/span> que<\/span> sea, no cambia un \u00e1pice<\/span> las<\/span> relaciones<\/span> de poder<\/span> generadoras<\/span> de explotaci\u00f3n<\/span> y miseria<\/span>. La campa\u00f1a<\/span> de Ayuda<\/span> en Acci\u00f3n<\/span> en la que<\/span> se apela<\/span> al monstruo<\/span> del hambre<\/span>, una<\/span> ilustraci\u00f3n<\/span> de John Kenn<\/span> Mortensen, para<\/span> que<\/span> se meta con alguien<\/span> de su<\/span> tama\u00f1o<\/span>, es<\/span> un ejemplo<\/span> de la dificultad<\/span> de organizaciones<\/span> que<\/span> todav\u00eda<\/span> quieren<\/span> definirse<\/span> como<\/span> apol\u00edticas<\/span>, para<\/span> tomar<\/span> partido<\/span> en las<\/span> luchas<\/span> sociales<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\t\"alt\"<\/p>\n

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\tLa pobreza<\/span> y el hambre<\/span> no son cat\u00e1strofes<\/span> naturales<\/span> fruto<\/span> del destino<\/span>. Tienen<\/span> causas<\/span> pol\u00edticas<\/span> y son fruto<\/span> de conflictos<\/span> de intereses<\/span> en los que<\/span>, de momento<\/span>, hay unos<\/span> absolutos<\/span> ganadores<\/span>. Sin poner<\/span> a la pobreza<\/span> y los mecanismos<\/span> de empobrecimiento<\/span> en el centro<\/span> del debate pol\u00edtico<\/span> (en el sentido<\/span> amplio<\/span> del t\u00e9rmino<\/span> pol\u00edtico<\/span>), “solamente”<\/span> estamos<\/span> realizando<\/span> una<\/span> labor asistencial<\/span> que<\/span>, en el mejor<\/span> de los casos<\/span>, mantiene<\/span> el statu<\/span> quo. En este<\/span> sentido<\/span>, han<\/span> aparecido<\/span> algunos<\/span> prestigiosos<\/span> dedos<\/span> oenegeros<\/span> se\u00f1alando<\/span> a los gobiernos<\/span> que<\/span> han<\/span> aprovechado<\/span> la crisis para<\/span> desarticular<\/span> los mecanismos<\/span> fiscales<\/span> de redistribuci\u00f3n<\/span>. En el informe<\/span> Gobernar<\/span> para<\/span> las<\/span> \u00e9lites<\/span><\/a>, Oxfam denuncia<\/span> que<\/span> casi<\/span> la mitad<\/span> de la riqueza<\/span> mundial<\/span> est\u00e1<\/span> en manos<\/span> de s\u00f3lo<\/span> el 1% de la poblaci\u00f3n<\/span> y que<\/span> esta<\/span> \u00e9lite<\/span> controla<\/span> nada menos<\/span> que<\/span> 65 veces<\/span> el capital que<\/span> est\u00e1<\/span> en manos<\/span> de la mitad<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> pobre<\/span> de la poblaci\u00f3n<\/span> mundial<\/span>. Tambi\u00e9n<\/span> denuncia<\/span> que<\/span> la crisis no ha afectado<\/span> a todos<\/span> por<\/span> igual<\/span>: las<\/span> desigualdades<\/span> se han<\/span> incrementado<\/span> porqu\u00e9<\/span> esta<\/span> minor\u00eda<\/span> se enriquece<\/span> a un ritmo<\/span> cada<\/span> vez<\/span> mayor. Las consecuencias<\/span> de estas<\/span> enormes<\/span> desigualdades<\/span> son un secuestro<\/span> efectivo<\/span> de los poderes<\/span> p\u00fablicos<\/span> por<\/span> parte<\/span> de las<\/span> \u00e9lites<\/span> que<\/span> los usan<\/span> a su<\/span> conveniencia<\/span> y la organizaci\u00f3n<\/span> propone reformas<\/span> fiscales<\/span> que<\/span> nos devuelvan<\/span> a una<\/span> funci\u00f3n<\/span> redistributiva<\/span> de las<\/span> arcas<\/span> p\u00fablicas<\/span>, medidas<\/span> de transparencia<\/span> en las<\/span> inversiones<\/span> y los movimientos<\/span> bancarios<\/span>, la utilizaci\u00f3n<\/span> de la recaudaci\u00f3n<\/span> fiscal para<\/span> mantener<\/span> los servicios<\/span> sociales…<\/span> En suma<\/span>, poner<\/span> freno<\/span> a las<\/span> reformas<\/span> neoliberales<\/span> y forzar<\/span> una<\/span> marcha<\/span> atr\u00e1s<\/span> para<\/span> recuperar<\/span> posiciones<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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\tGobernar<\/span> para<\/span> las<\/span> \u00e9lites<\/span><\/em> fue<\/span> presentado<\/span> en el Foro<\/span> Econ\u00f3mico<\/span> Mundial<\/span> de Davos<\/span>, un espacio<\/span> de debate donde<\/span> se discuten<\/span> y se deciden<\/span> pol\u00edticas<\/span> de alcance<\/span> global. Un espacio<\/span> donde<\/span> se re\u00fanen<\/span> “representantes”<\/span> pol\u00edticos<\/span> de todo<\/span> el mundo<\/span>, instituciones<\/span> internacionales<\/span>, economistas<\/span> y magnates y representantes<\/span> de las<\/span> corporaciones<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> importantes<\/span> del planeta<\/span>. En general, se trata<\/span> de miembros<\/span> del 1% y sus<\/span> lacayos<\/span>, a los que<\/span> el informe<\/span> en cuesti\u00f3n<\/span> pretende<\/span> convencer<\/span> de que<\/span> la desigualdad<\/span> extrema<\/span> es<\/span> tremendamente<\/span> injusta<\/span> y puede<\/span> llevar<\/span> a situaciones<\/span> ingobernables<\/span>. Sin duda<\/span>, Oxfam de un paso<\/span> adelante<\/span> para<\/span> denunciar<\/span> algunos<\/span> de los mecanismos<\/span> de empobrecimiento<\/span> y de generaci\u00f3n<\/span> de desigualdades<\/span> y para<\/span> incidir<\/span> pol\u00edticamente<\/span>. Pero<\/span> el papel<\/span> de redistribuidor<\/span> de riqueza<\/span> que<\/span> puedan<\/span> ejercer<\/span> los estados<\/span> mediante<\/span> la pol\u00edtica<\/span> fiscal no es<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> que<\/span> una<\/span> correcci\u00f3n<\/span> min\u00fascula<\/span> y muy<\/span> parcial<\/span> de la extracci\u00f3n<\/span> de riqueza<\/span> de las<\/span> grandes<\/span> mayor\u00edas<\/span> sociales<\/span> que<\/span> el 1% lleva<\/span> a cabo<\/span> a diario<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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\tCoincidiendo<\/span> tambi\u00e9n<\/span> con la celebraci\u00f3n<\/span> del Foro<\/span> de Davos<\/span>, el Transnational Institute, publicaba<\/span> su<\/span> informe<\/span> Estado<\/span> del poder<\/span> 2014. Un mundo<\/span> corporativo<\/span><\/a>, en el que<\/span> se describe el sistema<\/span> de expolio<\/span> al que<\/span> se nos somete<\/span> por<\/span> parte<\/span> de las<\/span> corporaciones<\/span> transnacionales<\/span> que<\/span> controla<\/span> el 1%. 37 de las<\/span> 100 mayores<\/span> econom\u00edas<\/span> del planeta<\/span> son empresas<\/span>. Los ingresos<\/span> en 2013 de Wal-Mart, Royal Duch<\/span> Shell, Exxon Mobil, Volkwagen<\/span> o Samsung, fueron<\/span> superiores<\/span> que<\/span> el PIB<\/span> de pa\u00edses<\/span> como<\/span> Marruecos<\/span>, Hungr\u00eda<\/span>, Nueva<\/span> Zelanda<\/span> o Qatar. Si nos fijamos<\/span> en los ingresos<\/span>, las<\/span> cinco<\/span> mayores<\/span> corporaciones<\/span> del mundo<\/span> son Wal-Mart, Royal Dutch Sell, Exxon Mobil, Sinpec-China<\/span> Petroleum y BP. Pero<\/span> si<\/span> tomamos<\/span> en consideraci\u00f3n<\/span> los activos<\/span>, el top 5 lo forman<\/span> ICBC<\/span>, HSBC Holdings, MitsubishiUFJFinancial<\/span>, BNP<\/span> Paribas y JPMorgan Chase, todas<\/span> corporaciones<\/span> dedicadas<\/span> a las<\/span> finanzas<\/span>. Y es<\/span> que<\/span> menos<\/span> del 1% de las<\/span> empresas<\/span> del planeta<\/span> (todas<\/span> ellas<\/span> Bancos<\/span>) controla<\/span> las<\/span> acciones<\/span> del 40% de las<\/span> compa\u00f1\u00edas<\/span> mundiales<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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\tLejos<\/span> de la mitolog\u00eda<\/span> creada<\/span> por<\/span> los think tanks neoliberales<\/span>, estas<\/span> empresas<\/span> no generan<\/span> “desarrollo”<\/span>, sino<\/span> que<\/span> forman<\/span> parte<\/span> del n\u00facleo<\/span> duro<\/span> de las<\/span> herramientas<\/span> de extracci\u00f3n<\/span> de rentas<\/span> que<\/span> posee<\/span> el 1% para<\/span> enriquecerse<\/span> y su<\/span> acci\u00f3n<\/span> transnacional<\/span> las<\/span> sit\u00faa<\/span> en un espaci\u00f3<\/span> pol\u00edtico<\/span> y jur\u00eddico<\/span> d\u00f3nde<\/span> poca<\/span> capacidad<\/span> de actuaci\u00f3n<\/span> tienen<\/span> los Estados<\/span> (suponiendo<\/span> que<\/span> tuvieran<\/span> la m\u00e1s<\/span> m\u00ednima<\/span> intenci\u00f3n<\/span> de actuar<\/span> para<\/span> limitar<\/span> su<\/span> poder<\/span>). Existen<\/span> movimientos<\/span> de resistencia<\/span> y de denuncia<\/span> de los impactos<\/span> de las<\/span> empresas<\/span> transnacionales<\/span> en todo<\/span> el globo<\/span>. Se denuncia<\/span> la explotaci\u00f3n<\/span> laboral<\/span> que<\/span> sufren<\/span> millones<\/span> de obreros<\/span> y obreras<\/span> en sectores<\/span> como<\/span> la moda<\/span> o la electr\u00f3nica<\/span> y que<\/span> incumbe<\/span> a monstruos<\/span> empresariales<\/span> como<\/span> Inditex<\/span>, Apple o Samsung; los fraudes<\/span> sistem\u00e1ticos<\/span> cometidos<\/span> por<\/span> la banca<\/span> en materia<\/span> de hipotecas<\/span> y productos<\/span> derivados<\/span>, y que<\/span> no es<\/span> una<\/span> cuesti\u00f3n<\/span> de bancos<\/span> en quiebra<\/span> puesto<\/span> que<\/span> afecta<\/span> a grandes<\/span> triumfadores<\/span> como<\/span> JPMorgan Chase; grandes<\/span> da\u00f1os<\/span> al medio<\/span> ambiente<\/span> provocados<\/span> por<\/span> Chevron en Ecuador, Brasil<\/span> o Birmania<\/span>, por<\/span> Royal Dutch Shell en Nigeria, por<\/span> BP en Alaska y el Golfo<\/span> de M\u00e9xico…<\/span> La lista<\/span> de abusos<\/span>, que<\/span> en la mayor\u00eda<\/span> de los casos<\/span> quedan<\/span> impunes<\/span>, es<\/span> interminable.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tUna<\/span> lucha<\/span> real contra la miseria<\/span>, contra el empobrecimiento<\/span> de comunidades<\/span> y personas en todo<\/span> el mundo<\/span>, contra la humillaci\u00f3n<\/span> y criminalizaci\u00f3n<\/span> sistem\u00e1tica<\/span> de las<\/span> v\u00edctimas<\/span> de la globalizaci\u00f3n<\/span> capitalista<\/span>, pasa<\/span> por<\/span> la solidaridad<\/span> en las<\/span> batallas<\/span> contra los mecanismos<\/span> de poder<\/span> que<\/span> son utilizados<\/span> para<\/span> la extracci\u00f3n<\/span> de rentas<\/span>, sean<\/span> Estados<\/span> o empresas<\/span> transnacionales<\/span>. Conformarse<\/span> con la redistribuci\u00f3n<\/span> de una<\/span> parte<\/span> min\u00fascula<\/span> de los frutos<\/span> de la explotaci\u00f3n<\/span> no acabar\u00e1<\/span> con la pobreza<\/span>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Es curiosa la capacidad de algunas ONG de personificar la pobreza en caras de personas an\u00f3nimas, en historias personales dram\u00e1ticas, o incluso en bonitas historias de superaci\u00f3n personal, para lograr donativos y adhesiones, y la escasa capacidad \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[76],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5285","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-barcelona"],"yoast_head":"\nEL MITO DE UNA LUCHA \u201cAPOL\u00cdTICA\u201d CONTRA LA POBREZA - Revista Rambla<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/el-mito-de-una-lucha-apolitica-contra-la-pobreza\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"EL MITO DE UNA LUCHA \u201cAPOL\u00cdTICA\u201d CONTRA LA POBREZA - 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