{"id":5005,"date":"2014-03-17T11:31:00","date_gmt":"2014-03-17T11:31:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/obama-es-el-que-mas-crudamente-ha-tratado-el-asunto-del-bloqueo-declara-la-doctora-cubana-tania-lizz-aguilar\/"},"modified":"2019-09-30T17:10:36","modified_gmt":"2019-09-30T15:10:36","slug":"obama-es-el-que-mas-crudamente-ha-tratado-el-asunto-del-bloqueo-declara-la-doctora-cubana-tania-lizz-aguilar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/obama-es-el-que-mas-crudamente-ha-tratado-el-asunto-del-bloqueo-declara-la-doctora-cubana-tania-lizz-aguilar\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cOBAMA ES EL QUE M\u00c1S CRUDAMENTE HA TRATADO EL ASUNTO DEL BLOQUEO\u201d Declara la doctora cubana Tan\u00eda Lizz Aguilar"},"content":{"rendered":"

\t\"alt\"La doctora<\/span> Tan\u00eda<\/span> Lizz<\/span> Aguilar es<\/span> m\u00e9dico<\/span> de familia<\/span> y vicedirectora<\/span> de la Escuela<\/span> Nacional<\/span> de Salud<\/span> P\u00fablica<\/span> de Cuba.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\tLa doctora<\/span> Tan\u00eda<\/span> Lizz<\/span> Aguilar es<\/span> m\u00e9dico<\/span> de familia<\/span> y vicedirectora<\/span> de la Escuela<\/span> Nacional<\/span> de Salud<\/span> P\u00fablica<\/span> de Cuba. Especialista<\/span> en Embriolog\u00eda<\/span>, m\u00e1ster<\/span> en Gen\u00e9tica<\/span> M\u00e9dica<\/span> y en Educaci\u00f3n<\/span> M\u00e9dica<\/span> en la Universidad M\u00e9dica<\/span> de La Habana<\/span>. Recientemente<\/span> viaj\u00f3<\/span> a Barcelona y aprovechamos<\/span> la ocasi\u00f3n<\/span> para<\/span> hacerle<\/span> una<\/span> entrevista<\/span> en exclusiva<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t\"alt\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tLa sanidad<\/span> cubana<\/span> tiene<\/span> fama<\/span> de eficaz<\/span>, pero<\/span> \u00bfc\u00f3mo<\/span> le est\u00e1<\/span> afectando<\/span> la crisis econ\u00f3mica<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tNosotros<\/span> no escapamos<\/span> de la crisis econ\u00f3mica<\/span> mundial<\/span>, pero<\/span> para<\/span> el gobierno<\/span> cubano<\/span> sigue<\/span> siendo<\/span> una<\/span> prioridad<\/span> el desarrollo<\/span> de la salud<\/span> p\u00fablica<\/span>. De hecho<\/span>, los presupuestos<\/span> del gobierno<\/span> para<\/span> 2014, destinan<\/span> un 49% a salud<\/span> y educaci\u00f3n<\/span> p\u00fablica<\/span>. De todos<\/span> modos<\/span>, ahora<\/span> estamos<\/span> intentando<\/span> hacer<\/span> nuestros<\/span> servicios<\/span> mucho<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> eficientes<\/span>, porque<\/span> todo<\/span> lo que<\/span> tiene<\/span> que<\/span> ver<\/span> con diagn\u00f3sticos<\/span>, tecnolog\u00eda<\/span>, tratamientos…<\/span>, son sumamente<\/span> costosos<\/span>. As\u00ed<\/span> como<\/span> se est\u00e1<\/span> transformando<\/span> un poco<\/span> el modelo<\/span> econ\u00f3mico<\/span> cubano<\/span>, lo estamos<\/span> haciendo<\/span> en el modelo<\/span> de salud<\/span> que<\/span>, para<\/span> variar<\/span> el nombre<\/span> (risas<\/span>), se llama Proyecto<\/span> Revoluci\u00f3n<\/span>. Estudiamos<\/span> localmente<\/span> las<\/span> necesidades<\/span> sanitarias<\/span> de cada<\/span> poblaci\u00f3n<\/span>. Por<\/span> ejemplo<\/span>, hay zonas<\/span> donde<\/span> la edad<\/span> media es<\/span> muy<\/span> avanzada<\/span>, y lo que<\/span> necesitan<\/span> en sus<\/span> policl\u00ednicos<\/span> son servicios<\/span> de rehabilitaci\u00f3n<\/span>, de atenci\u00f3n<\/span> geri\u00e1trica<\/span>, etc., para<\/span> el mantenimiento<\/span> de la calidad<\/span> de vida<\/span> de esas<\/span> personas, y menos<\/span> otros<\/span> servicios<\/span> como<\/span> planificaci\u00f3n<\/span> familiar, salud<\/span> materno-infantil…Tambi\u00e9n<\/span> se est\u00e1n<\/span> llevando<\/span> servicios<\/span> que<\/span> antes s\u00f3lo<\/span> se daban<\/span> en hospitales<\/span> a los policl\u00ednicos<\/span>, que<\/span> ahora<\/span> cuentan<\/span> con servicios<\/span> de cirug\u00eda<\/span> de m\u00ednimo<\/span> acceso<\/span>, servicios<\/span> de diagnostico…En<\/span> fin, que<\/span> se trata<\/span> de racionalizar<\/span> lo que<\/span> tenemos<\/span>, modernizarlo<\/span> y hacerlo<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> accesible<\/span> al ciudadano<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tPero<\/span> ven\u00edan<\/span> de una<\/span> situaci\u00f3n<\/span> cr\u00edtica<\/span> de la sanidad<\/span>, sobre<\/span> todo<\/span> desde<\/span> la desaparici\u00f3n<\/span> del bloque<\/span> sovi\u00e9tico<\/span>, donde<\/span> escaseaban<\/span> en Cuba los equipos<\/span> m\u00e9dicos<\/span> y suministros<\/span> sanitarios<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tS\u00ed<\/span>, en los a\u00f1os<\/span> ochenta<\/span> y noventa<\/span> tuvimos<\/span> una<\/span> situaci\u00f3n<\/span> cr\u00edtica<\/span>. Tenga<\/span> en cuenta<\/span> que<\/span> somos<\/span> una<\/span> isla<\/span> donde<\/span> el monocultivo<\/span> de la ca\u00f1a<\/span> de az\u00facar<\/span> era la principal industria<\/span>. Luego<\/span> empezamos<\/span> a tener<\/span> algunos<\/span> desarrollos<\/span> en peque\u00f1as<\/span> industrias<\/span>, como<\/span> la producci\u00f3n<\/span> de n\u00edquel…<\/span>, pero<\/span> sin recursos<\/span> naturales<\/span> es<\/span> dif\u00edcil<\/span>. Luego<\/span> el periodo<\/span> entre<\/span> el a\u00f1o<\/span> 2002 y 2010 tambi\u00e9n<\/span> fue<\/span> cr\u00edtico<\/span>, porque<\/span> ten\u00edamos<\/span> instalaciones<\/span> ya<\/span> obsoletas<\/span>. Con el Proyecto<\/span> Revoluci\u00f3n<\/span> que<\/span> le comentaba<\/span>, se renovaron<\/span> las<\/span> instalaciones<\/span> y se dio<\/span> mayor calidad<\/span> sanitaria<\/span>. Es<\/span> interesante<\/span> que<\/span> reflexionemos<\/span> sobre<\/span> cu\u00e1nto<\/span> dinero<\/span> tenemos<\/span> para<\/span> dar<\/span> salud<\/span> a nuestros<\/span> pueblos, cu\u00e1nta<\/span> tecnolog\u00eda<\/span> tendr\u00edamos<\/span> que<\/span> comprar…<\/span>, en Cuba, con lo poco<\/span> que<\/span> tenemos<\/span>, lo que<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> hacemos<\/span> es<\/span> fortalecer<\/span> nuestra<\/span> capacidad<\/span> profesional<\/span>, nuestros<\/span> valores<\/span> como<\/span> seres<\/span> humanos<\/span> y mucho<\/span> m\u00e9todo<\/span> cl\u00ednico<\/span>. Hoy<\/span> estamos<\/span> en plena revoluci\u00f3n<\/span> sanitaria<\/span> y nuestros<\/span> indicadores<\/span> son parecidos<\/span> a la de cualquier<\/span> pa\u00eds<\/span> desarrollado<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t\u00bfY cu\u00e1les<\/span> son esos<\/span> indicadores<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tEl programa<\/span> de mayor \u00e9xito<\/span> que<\/span> tenemos<\/span> es<\/span> el de la atenci\u00f3n<\/span> materno-infantil<\/span>. En el a\u00f1o<\/span> 1959 la mortalidad<\/span> infantil<\/span> era del 61 por<\/span> mil, y en 2012 era de 4,6 por<\/span> mil nacidos<\/span> vivos<\/span>. Luego<\/span> nuestro<\/span> mayor logro<\/span> se refiere<\/span> a la medicina<\/span> primaria<\/span>, de los m\u00e9dicos<\/span> de familia<\/span>, ya<\/span> que<\/span> el 85% de las<\/span> enfermedades<\/span> se curan<\/span> en la atenci\u00f3n<\/span> primaria<\/span>. Tenemos<\/span> un m\u00e9dico<\/span> por<\/span> cada<\/span> 159 habitantes<\/span>, una<\/span> enfermera<\/span> cada<\/span> 126 habitantes<\/span> y un m\u00e9dico<\/span> estomat\u00f3logo<\/span> (odont\u00f3logo<\/span>) por<\/span> cada<\/span> 1.066 habitantes<\/span>. La esperanza<\/span> de vida<\/span> est\u00e1<\/span> en 76 a\u00f1os<\/span> y subiendo<\/span>. Nos enfermamos<\/span> y nos morimos<\/span> de las<\/span> mismas<\/span> cosas<\/span> que<\/span> en los pa\u00edses<\/span> ricos<\/span>, pero<\/span> nuestra<\/span> tasa<\/span> de mortalidad<\/span> ha ido<\/span> cayendo<\/span> y siguen<\/span> cayendo<\/span>, en 2013 fue<\/span> de 4,2%. La vacunaci\u00f3n<\/span>\u00a0 tambi\u00e9n<\/span> es<\/span> uno<\/span> de nuestros<\/span> logros<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tHablando<\/span> de vacunaci\u00f3n<\/span>. Las grandes<\/span> corporaciones<\/span> farmac\u00e9uticas<\/span> blindan<\/span> sus<\/span> patentes<\/span>. \u00bfC\u00f3mo<\/span> se rompe<\/span> esa<\/span> barrera<\/span> en Cuba, para<\/span> tener<\/span> vacunas<\/span> baratas<\/span> y universales<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tNosotros<\/span> hemos<\/span> fortalecido<\/span> nuestra<\/span> propia<\/span> industria<\/span> farmac\u00e9utica<\/span> (importan<\/span> menos<\/span> del 20% de las<\/span> medicinas<\/span> que<\/span> consumen<\/span>), y a dem\u00e1s<\/span> producimos<\/span> vacunas<\/span> propias<\/span> que<\/span> exportamos<\/span> (la vacuna<\/span> antimeningoc\u00f3cica<\/span> tipo<\/span> B es<\/span> el \u00fanico<\/span> pa\u00eds<\/span> que<\/span> la produce). Se ha destinado<\/span> muchos<\/span> recursos<\/span> a la industria<\/span> farmac\u00e9utica<\/span> y a lo que<\/span> nosotros<\/span> llamamos<\/span> Polos<\/span> Cient\u00edficos<\/span> (constituidos<\/span> por<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> de 30 entidades<\/span>, en ellos<\/span> se desarrolla<\/span> biotecnolog\u00eda<\/span> y productos<\/span> farmac\u00e9uticos<\/span>) donde<\/span> se fabrican<\/span> vacunas<\/span>, pero<\/span> no s\u00f3lo<\/span> para<\/span> enfermedades<\/span> infecciosas<\/span>, tambi\u00e9n<\/span> estamos<\/span> desarrollando<\/span> una<\/span> vacuna<\/span>, por<\/span> ejemplo<\/span>, contra el c\u00e1ncer<\/span> de pr\u00f3stata<\/span>, que<\/span> parece<\/span> ser<\/span> bastante<\/span> eficaz<\/span>. Las transnacionales<\/span> no nos venden<\/span> medicamentos<\/span> (las<\/span> europeas<\/span> Philips o Siemens parece<\/span> que<\/span> s\u00ed<\/span>), por<\/span> ello<\/span> tenemos<\/span> que<\/span> ser<\/span> autosuficientes<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t\u00bfY el bloqueo<\/span> de EE.UU.?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tS\u00ed<\/span>, el bloqueo<\/span> econ\u00f3mico<\/span> es<\/span> terrible, genocida<\/span> e inhumano<\/span>. Todav\u00eda<\/span> se mantiene<\/span> y parece<\/span> que<\/span> se va<\/span> a demorar<\/span> mucho<\/span> a\u00fan<\/span> en quitarse<\/span>. De hecho<\/span> ten\u00edamos<\/span> la esperanza<\/span> de que<\/span> con el gobierno<\/span> actual de EE.UU., las<\/span> cosas<\/span> cambiar\u00edan<\/span> un poco<\/span>, pero<\/span> seg\u00fan<\/span> los polit\u00f3logos<\/span>, el se\u00f1or<\/span> Obama es<\/span> el que<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> crudamente<\/span> ha tratado<\/span> el asunto<\/span> del bloqueo<\/span> y su<\/span> gobierno<\/span> ha sido<\/span> el peor<\/span> para<\/span> Cuba. Nosotros<\/span> no podemos<\/span> comprar<\/span> nada a nadie<\/span>, pr\u00e1cticamente<\/span>, y menos<\/span> a los EE.UU., teni\u00e9ndolos<\/span> ah\u00ed<\/span> enfrente<\/span>. Tenemos<\/span> que<\/span> hacer<\/span> maromas<\/span> (equilibrios<\/span>) para<\/span> acceder<\/span> a medicamentos<\/span>, para<\/span> acceder<\/span> a tecnolog\u00eda<\/span>. Los pa\u00edses<\/span> que<\/span> se atreven<\/span> a vendernos<\/span>, lo tienen<\/span> que<\/span> hacer<\/span> encubiertos<\/span>, todo<\/span> es<\/span> un misterio<\/span>, y dram\u00e1tico<\/span> para<\/span> acceder<\/span> a la cosa<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> m\u00ednima<\/span>. Las sanciones<\/span> para<\/span> los que<\/span> se atrevan<\/span> a violar<\/span> ese<\/span> bloqueo<\/span> son muy<\/span> severas<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t\"alt\"Al triunfo<\/span> de la revoluci\u00f3n<\/span> se quedaron<\/span> casi<\/span> sin m\u00e9dicos<\/span>, pero<\/span> ahora<\/span>, seg\u00fan<\/span> datos<\/span> de OMS<\/span>, las<\/span> “brigadas<\/span> m\u00e9dicas”<\/span> cubanas<\/span> act\u00faan<\/span> en m\u00e1s<\/span> de 68 pa\u00edses<\/span>, como<\/span> en zonas<\/span> rurales<\/span> de Hait\u00ed<\/span>, con 500 profesionales<\/span>, o en Sud\u00e1frica<\/span>, con 450.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tEn 1960 se fund\u00f3<\/span> el Sistema<\/span> Nacional<\/span> de Salud<\/span>. Antes de la revoluci\u00f3n<\/span> s\u00f3lo<\/span> exist\u00edan<\/span> casas<\/span> de socorro<\/span>, cl\u00ednicas<\/span> mutualistas<\/span> y cl\u00ednicas<\/span> privadas<\/span> que<\/span>, por<\/span> supuesto<\/span>, s\u00f3lo<\/span> estaban<\/span> en las<\/span> grandes<\/span> ciudades<\/span>. La mayor parte<\/span> de la poblaci\u00f3n<\/span> cubana<\/span> viv\u00eda<\/span> de la agricultura<\/span> y estaba<\/span> en zonas<\/span> rurales<\/span> donde<\/span> no ten\u00edan<\/span> acceso<\/span> a la sanidad<\/span>, no s\u00f3lo<\/span> por<\/span> el dinero<\/span>, tambi\u00e9n<\/span> por<\/span> la distancia<\/span>. En ese<\/span> tiempo<\/span> sucedi\u00f3<\/span> una<\/span> gran<\/span> migraci\u00f3n<\/span> de m\u00e9dicos<\/span>, sobre<\/span> todo<\/span> a EE.UU. De los 3.300 m\u00e9dicos<\/span> que<\/span> hab\u00eda<\/span> en Cuba quedaron<\/span> 300 (para<\/span> 7 millones<\/span> de habitantes<\/span>). Tuvimos<\/span> que<\/span> hacer<\/span> \u00e9nfasis<\/span> en la preparaci\u00f3n<\/span> de nuevos<\/span> m\u00e9dicos<\/span>. Y una<\/span> de las<\/span> primeras<\/span> cosas<\/span> que<\/span> se hicieron<\/span> fue<\/span> la preparaci\u00f3n<\/span> en la medicina<\/span> rural. Los m\u00e9dicos<\/span> que<\/span> se quedaron<\/span> y a los que<\/span> les faltaba<\/span> terminar<\/span> sus<\/span> estudios<\/span>, pasaban<\/span> dos a\u00f1os<\/span> en los lugares<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> intrincados<\/span> de la geograf\u00eda<\/span> cubana<\/span>. Fue<\/span> una<\/span> experiencia<\/span> muy<\/span> importante<\/span>, y donde<\/span> naci\u00f3<\/span> nuestra<\/span> concepci\u00f3n<\/span> del m\u00e9dico<\/span> de familia<\/span>, que<\/span> adem\u00e1s<\/span> participaba<\/span> en la educaci\u00f3n<\/span> sanitaria<\/span> de la comunidad<\/span>. Hoy<\/span>, nuestro<\/span> compromiso<\/span> internacionalista<\/span> solidario<\/span>, nos lleva<\/span> a transmitir<\/span> esas<\/span> experiencias<\/span> a otros<\/span> pa\u00edses<\/span> en v\u00edas<\/span> de desarrollo<\/span>. Tenemos<\/span> 40.000 trabajadores<\/span> sanitarios<\/span>, 10.000 de ellos<\/span> m\u00e9dicos<\/span>, repartidos<\/span> por<\/span> todo<\/span> el mundo<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t\u00bfY c\u00f3mo<\/span> pueden<\/span> exportar<\/span> tantos<\/span> m\u00e9dicos<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tPorque<\/span> nuestra<\/span> mayor riqueza<\/span> es<\/span> el capital humano<\/span>. Como dice un amigo, tenemos<\/span> m\u00e9dicos<\/span> para<\/span> dar<\/span> y para<\/span> vender (risas<\/span>). En Cuba hay 447.023 trabajadores<\/span> sanitarios<\/span>, de ellos<\/span> 72.416 son m\u00e9dicos<\/span> y de \u00e9stos<\/span> \u00faltimos<\/span> 53.961 son especialistas<\/span>. El dato<\/span> de m\u00e9dicos<\/span> por<\/span> habitantes<\/span> es<\/span> una<\/span> de las<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> altas<\/span> del mundo<\/span>. Tenemos<\/span> 25.907 m\u00e9dicos<\/span> de familia<\/span>. Todos<\/span> los que<\/span> estudiamos<\/span> medicina<\/span>, desde<\/span> 1992 si<\/span> mal no recuerdo<\/span>, hacemos<\/span> obligatoriamente<\/span> tres<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> de medicina<\/span> familiar.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t\u00bfC\u00f3mo<\/span> valora<\/span> la ofensiva<\/span> neoliberal<\/span> privatizadora<\/span> que<\/span> vivimos<\/span> en Europa<\/span>, y particularmente<\/span> en Espa\u00f1a<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tNos preocupa<\/span> que<\/span> en pa\u00edses<\/span> que<\/span> ten\u00edan<\/span> sistemas<\/span> de salud<\/span> universales<\/span>, gratuitos<\/span> y de calidad<\/span>, se est\u00e9n<\/span> dando<\/span> estas<\/span> tendencias<\/span> privatizadoras<\/span> neoliberales<\/span>. Por<\/span> ejemplo<\/span>, el sistema<\/span> de salud<\/span> espa\u00f1ol<\/span> fue<\/span>, y esperemos<\/span> que<\/span> siga<\/span> siendo<\/span>, un ejemplo<\/span> para<\/span> nosotros<\/span>. Estamos<\/span> luchando<\/span> para<\/span> que<\/span> eso<\/span> no nos suceda<\/span> a nosotros<\/span>. Al final todo<\/span> se reduce a la voluntad<\/span> pol\u00edtica<\/span>, oponerse<\/span> a la salud<\/span> como<\/span> mercanc\u00eda<\/span>, y defender la salud<\/span> como<\/span> lo que<\/span> es<\/span>, un derecho<\/span>. La participaci\u00f3n<\/span> comunitaria<\/span> y del poder<\/span> popular son formas<\/span> de evitar<\/span> que<\/span> esas<\/span> corrientes<\/span> transformen<\/span> nuestro<\/span> sistema<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tMe habla<\/span> del poder<\/span> popular y la participaci\u00f3n<\/span> comunitaria<\/span> en la salud<\/span>, pero<\/span> \u00bfno ser\u00e1<\/span> s\u00f3lo<\/span> una<\/span> jerga<\/span> revolucionaria<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t(Risas<\/span>). S\u00f3lo<\/span> el hecho<\/span> de que<\/span> haya<\/span> tantos<\/span> m\u00e9dicos<\/span> por<\/span> habitantes<\/span>, convierten<\/span> a la poblaci\u00f3n<\/span> cubana<\/span> en una<\/span> poblaci\u00f3n<\/span> muy<\/span> involucrada<\/span> en la sanidad<\/span>, porque<\/span> la salud<\/span> no es<\/span> s\u00f3lo<\/span> cosa<\/span> de profesionales<\/span>, es<\/span> y debe<\/span> ser<\/span> de cada<\/span> ciudadano<\/span>. La participaci\u00f3n<\/span> comunitaria<\/span> para<\/span> nosotros<\/span> es<\/span> fundamental, sin eso<\/span> no hubi\u00e9ramos<\/span> podido<\/span> hacer<\/span> nada de lo que<\/span> ahora<\/span> mismo<\/span> tenemos<\/span>. Todas<\/span> las<\/span> poblaciones<\/span> tienen<\/span> un gobierno<\/span> local o una<\/span> comisi\u00f3n<\/span>, adem\u00e1s<\/span> de la del parlamento<\/span>, que<\/span> analizan<\/span> las<\/span> necesidades<\/span> de salud<\/span>, los problemas<\/span> epidemiol\u00f3gicos…<\/span>, por<\/span> ejemplo<\/span> ahora<\/span> mismo<\/span> tenemos<\/span> problemas<\/span> con los brotes<\/span> de enfermedades<\/span> emergentes<\/span>, o con brotes<\/span> del c\u00f3lera<\/span>, etc., y sin la participaci\u00f3n<\/span> comunitaria<\/span> en erradicar<\/span> el mosquito que<\/span> trasmite<\/span>, por<\/span> ejemplo<\/span> el dengue, no ser\u00eda<\/span> posible<\/span> esta<\/span> lucha<\/span>. En las<\/span> primeras<\/span> d\u00e9cadas<\/span> de la revoluci\u00f3n<\/span>, la necesidad<\/span> de enfrentarnos<\/span> a grandes<\/span> problemas<\/span>\u00a0 sanitarios<\/span>, hizo<\/span> que<\/span> la poblaci\u00f3n<\/span> participara<\/span> activamente<\/span>. Las primeras<\/span> casas<\/span> de salud<\/span> hicieron<\/span> que<\/span> la poblaci\u00f3n<\/span> se implicara<\/span>, porque<\/span> todos<\/span> luch\u00e1bamos<\/span> contra una<\/span> sociedad<\/span> con muchas<\/span> enfermedades<\/span>. En el a\u00f1o<\/span> 1984 se cre\u00f3<\/span> el programa<\/span> de m\u00e9dicos<\/span> de familia<\/span>, y se empez\u00f3<\/span> a construir<\/span> los consultorios<\/span>, que<\/span> tambi\u00e9n<\/span> eran<\/span> la vivienda<\/span> del m\u00e9dico<\/span>. Cada<\/span> uno<\/span> ten\u00eda<\/span> 120 familias<\/span> a su<\/span> cargo y, adem\u00e1s<\/span> de la atenci\u00f3n<\/span> m\u00e9dica<\/span> propiamente<\/span> dicha<\/span>, se daban<\/span> nociones<\/span> de salud<\/span> p\u00fablica<\/span> a la poblaci\u00f3n<\/span> y a los l\u00edderes<\/span> vecinales<\/span>. En esos<\/span> consultorios<\/span>, que<\/span> estaban<\/span> repartidos<\/span> por<\/span> todo<\/span> el pa\u00eds<\/span>, siempre<\/span> hab\u00eda<\/span> un m\u00e9dico<\/span> y una<\/span> enfermera<\/span>, de hecho<\/span>, el m\u00e9dico<\/span> no pod\u00eda<\/span> abandonar<\/span> su<\/span> consultorio<\/span> nada m\u00e1s<\/span> que<\/span> un fin de semana<\/span> al mes<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tMe habla<\/span> de los consultorios<\/span> con “un” m\u00e9dico<\/span> y “una”<\/span> enfermera<\/span>. \u00bfC\u00f3mo<\/span> est\u00e1<\/span> la participaci\u00f3n<\/span> de la mujer<\/span> en la sanidad<\/span> cubana<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tPues<\/span> el 70,2% de m\u00e9dicos<\/span> son mujeres, y un 56 % est\u00e1n<\/span> en cargos directivos<\/span> de la sanidad<\/span>. El acceso<\/span> a las<\/span> especialidades<\/span> son equitativas<\/span> y planificadas<\/span>. En cada<\/span> una<\/span> de las<\/span> provincias<\/span> de Cuba hay una<\/span> universidad<\/span> de ciencias<\/span> m\u00e9dicas<\/span>, y seg\u00fan<\/span> las<\/span> necesidades<\/span> del territorio<\/span>, se planifican<\/span> las<\/span> especialidades<\/span>. Pero<\/span> nosotras<\/span> tambi\u00e9n<\/span> heredamos<\/span> la discriminaci\u00f3n<\/span> machista<\/span>, los cirujanos<\/span> varones<\/span> no quer\u00edan<\/span> mujeres estudiando<\/span> cirug\u00eda<\/span>, por<\/span> ejemplo<\/span>. Eso<\/span> nos cost\u00f3<\/span>. Cuando<\/span> una<\/span> mujer<\/span> quer\u00eda<\/span> estudiar<\/span> cirug\u00eda<\/span> pasaba<\/span> por<\/span> un filtro<\/span> de m\u00e9dicos<\/span> que<\/span> discut\u00edan<\/span> si<\/span> una<\/span> mujer<\/span> pod\u00eda<\/span> estar<\/span> tanto<\/span> tiempo<\/span> de pie, con la maternidad…<\/span>, pero<\/span> eso<\/span> era subjetivo<\/span>, no hab\u00eda<\/span> nada que<\/span> dijera<\/span> que<\/span> una<\/span> mujer<\/span> no pod\u00eda<\/span> ser<\/span> cirujana<\/span>, claro<\/span> est\u00e1<\/span>, pero<\/span> en las<\/span> convocatorias<\/span> se daban<\/span> estas<\/span> cosas<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tGracias por<\/span> su<\/span> tiempo<\/span>, espero<\/span> que<\/span> disfrute<\/span> de su<\/span> estancia<\/span> en Barcelona.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tDe nada. Paseo<\/span> por<\/span> esta<\/span> preciosa<\/span> ciudad<\/span> con la boca<\/span> abierta<\/span>, maravillada<\/span>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La doctora Tan\u00eda Lizz Aguilar es m\u00e9dico de familia y vicedirectora de la Escuela Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica de Cuba. \u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5005","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualidad","category-global"],"yoast_head":"\n\u201cOBAMA ES EL QUE M\u00c1S CRUDAMENTE HA TRATADO EL ASUNTO DEL BLOQUEO\u201d Declara la doctora cubana Tan\u00eda Lizz Aguilar - Revista Rambla<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/obama-es-el-que-mas-crudamente-ha-tratado-el-asunto-del-bloqueo-declara-la-doctora-cubana-tania-lizz-aguilar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cOBAMA ES EL QUE M\u00c1S CRUDAMENTE HA TRATADO EL ASUNTO DEL BLOQUEO\u201d Declara la doctora cubana Tan\u00eda Lizz Aguilar - 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