{"id":4714,"date":"2014-01-28T08:30:07","date_gmt":"2014-01-28T08:30:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/miles-de-trabajadores-sin-techo-marchan-en-sao-paulo-para-reclamar-una-vivienda-digna\/"},"modified":"2014-01-28T08:30:07","modified_gmt":"2014-01-28T08:30:07","slug":"miles-de-trabajadores-sin-techo-marchan-en-sao-paulo-para-reclamar-una-vivienda-digna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/miles-de-trabajadores-sin-techo-marchan-en-sao-paulo-para-reclamar-una-vivienda-digna\/","title":{"rendered":"MILES DE TRABAJADORES SIN TECHO MARCHAN EN S\u00c3O PAULO PARA RECLAMAR UNA VIVIENDA DIGNA"},"content":{"rendered":"

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t\"alt\"S\u00e3o<\/span> Paulo es<\/span> uno<\/span> de los grandes<\/span> s\u00edmbolos<\/span> del \u00e9xito<\/span> econ\u00f3mico<\/span> de Brasil<\/span>. Sin embargo, esta<\/span> Nueva<\/span> York del tr\u00f3pico<\/span> acoge<\/span> tambi\u00e9n<\/span> en su<\/span> seno<\/span> las<\/span> contradicciones<\/span> y limitaciones<\/span> del milagro<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\tLas protestas<\/span> se han<\/span> intensificado<\/span> tras<\/span> la ocupaci\u00f3n<\/span> de un mill\u00f3n<\/span> de metros cuadrados<\/span> por<\/span> ocho<\/span> mil familias<\/span> para<\/span> impulsar<\/span> la comunidad<\/span> de Nueva<\/span> Palestina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t\"alt\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tS\u00e3o<\/span> Paulo es<\/span> uno<\/span> de los grandes<\/span> s\u00edmbolos<\/span> del \u00e9xito<\/span> econ\u00f3mico<\/span> de Brasil<\/span>. Sin embargo, esta<\/span> Nueva<\/span> York del tr\u00f3pico<\/span> acoge<\/span> tambi\u00e9n<\/span> en su<\/span> seno<\/span> las<\/span> contradicciones<\/span> y limitaciones<\/span> del milagro<\/span> brasile\u00f1o<\/span>. As\u00ed<\/span>, frente<\/span> al resplandor<\/span> cosmopolita<\/span> de su<\/span> avenida<\/span> Paulista<\/span>, no son pocas<\/span> las<\/span> sombras<\/span> que<\/span> se proyectan<\/span> en su<\/span> cotidianidad<\/span> urbana<\/span>. La falta<\/span> de vivienda<\/span> es<\/span> una<\/span> de ella<\/span>, como<\/span> miles de personas se han<\/span> encargado<\/span> de poner<\/span> de manifiesto<\/span> este<\/span> mi\u00e9rcoles<\/span> (22 de enero<\/span>) en las<\/span> calles<\/span> convocados<\/span> por<\/span> el Movimiento<\/span> de Trabajadores<\/span> Sin Techo<\/span> (MTST<\/span>), con varias<\/span> marchas<\/span> que<\/span> han<\/span> confluido<\/span> en el Palacio<\/span> dos Bandeirantes<\/span>, sede<\/span> del gobierno<\/span> paulista<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tLas protestas<\/span> por<\/span> la falta<\/span> de vivienda<\/span> no son nuevas<\/span> en S\u00e3o<\/span> Paulo, pero<\/span> han<\/span> experimentado<\/span> una<\/span> fuerte<\/span> revitalizaci\u00f3n<\/span> desde<\/span> que<\/span> el pasado<\/span> 29 de noviembre<\/span> \u00a0MTST<\/span> promovi\u00f3<\/span> la ocupaci\u00f3n<\/span> de un \u00e1rea<\/span> de un mill\u00f3n<\/span> de metros cuadrados<\/span> en la zona<\/span> sur<\/span> de la capital paulista<\/span>. La acci\u00f3n<\/span> fue<\/span> respaldada<\/span> por<\/span> unas<\/span> 2.000 familias<\/span>, pero<\/span> conforme<\/span> pasaban<\/span> los d\u00edas<\/span> su<\/span> n\u00famero<\/span> se iba<\/span> multiplicando<\/span>. Nac\u00eda<\/span> as\u00ed<\/span> la comunidad<\/span> de Nueva<\/span> Palestina<\/span> donde<\/span> actualmente<\/span> hay asentadas<\/span> unas<\/span> 8.000 familias<\/span> y cerca<\/span> de 2.500 m\u00e1s<\/span> se encuentran<\/span> en lista<\/span> de espera<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tPara Helena Santos, coordinadora<\/span> estatal<\/span>\u00a0 del MSTS<\/span>, la lucha<\/span> de Nueva<\/span> Palestina<\/span> es<\/span> la \u00fanica<\/span> oportunidad<\/span> para<\/span> poder<\/span> lograr<\/span> una<\/span> vivienda<\/span> digna<\/span>. “Las personas que<\/span> est\u00e1n<\/span> aqu\u00ed<\/span> no se encuentran<\/span> en condiciones<\/span> de pagar<\/span> un alquiler<\/span>, algunas<\/span> viven<\/span> en la calle<\/span> y otras<\/span> en casas<\/span> de parientes<\/span>. Aqu\u00ed<\/span> ellas<\/span> tienen<\/span> la esperanza<\/span> de conseguir<\/span> un techo”<\/span>, comenta<\/span>. Una<\/span> opini\u00f3n<\/span> que<\/span> comparte<\/span> Max William, un joven<\/span> de 24 a\u00f1os<\/span>, que<\/span> vive en la comunidad<\/span> junto<\/span> a su<\/span> madre<\/span> y tres<\/span> hijos<\/span>: su<\/span> renta<\/span> mensual<\/span> es<\/span> de unos<\/span> 800 reales<\/span> (unos<\/span> 250 euros<\/span>), mientras<\/span> que<\/span> el aquiler<\/span> que<\/span> ven\u00eda<\/span> pagando<\/span> era de 450 reales<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tEl campamento<\/span> funciona<\/span> de forma totalmente<\/span> autogestionaria<\/span>. Lo primero<\/span> que<\/span> recibe<\/span> una<\/span> familia<\/span> cuando<\/span> llega<\/span> al campamento<\/span> es<\/span> un lote<\/span> de terreno<\/span> y los materiales<\/span> m\u00ednimos<\/span> para<\/span> construir<\/span> una<\/span> precaria<\/span> chabola<\/span> donde<\/span> cobijarse<\/span>: unas<\/span> maderas<\/span>, unos<\/span> pl\u00e1sticos<\/span> y poco<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span>. Para su<\/span> funcionamiento<\/span>, el MTST<\/span> ha dividido<\/span> Nueva<\/span> Palestina<\/span> en 21 grupos<\/span>, cada<\/span> uno<\/span> con una<\/span> cocina<\/span> comunitaria<\/span> y dos ba\u00f1os<\/span>, masculino<\/span> y femenino<\/span>. La comunidad<\/span> funciona<\/span> de forma autogestionaria<\/span> mediante<\/span> asambleas<\/span> diarias<\/span> en las<\/span> que<\/span> participan<\/span> unas<\/span> 4.000 personas.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tTauana<\/span> Oliveira da<\/span> Silva solo tiene<\/span> 18 a\u00f1os<\/span>. Para ella<\/span> todo<\/span> lo que<\/span> est\u00e1<\/span> viviendo<\/span> estos<\/span> d\u00edas<\/span> es<\/span> nuevo<\/span>, pero<\/span> lo considera<\/span> el medio<\/span> de lograr<\/span> un techo<\/span> para<\/span> sus<\/span> tres<\/span> hijos<\/span>, el m\u00e1s<\/span> peque\u00f1o<\/span> de tres<\/span> meses<\/span>. “Es<\/span> la primera<\/span> vez<\/span> que<\/span> participo<\/span> en una<\/span> cosa<\/span> as\u00ed<\/span>. Mi marido<\/span> nos trajo<\/span> porque<\/span> fue<\/span> la \u00fanica<\/span> forma que<\/span> vimos<\/span> de tener<\/span> una<\/span> casa”, destaca<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tDesde<\/span> el MTST<\/span> se insiste<\/span> en que<\/span> su<\/span> objetivo<\/span> no es<\/span> transformar<\/span> la zona<\/span> en una<\/span> nueva<\/span> favela<\/span>, sino<\/span> conseguir<\/span> que<\/span> el \u00e1rea<\/span> sea urbanizada<\/span> y transformada<\/span> en un barrio integrado<\/span> y normalizado<\/span> dentro<\/span> de la trama<\/span> urbana<\/span>. Sin embargo, esta<\/span> reivindicaci\u00f3n<\/span> no est\u00e1<\/span> encontrando<\/span> eco en el gobierno<\/span> municipal que<\/span> preside Fernando Haddad<\/span>, del Partido<\/span> de los Trabajadores<\/span> (PT), quien<\/span> recuerda<\/span>, adem\u00e1s<\/span>, que<\/span> el \u00e1rea<\/span> ocupada<\/span> es<\/span> zona<\/span> protegida<\/span> destinada<\/span> a convertirse<\/span> en un parque<\/span> p\u00fablico<\/span>. “La mayor parte<\/span> no puede<\/span> ser<\/span> utilizada<\/span> para<\/span> edificar<\/span> vivienda<\/span> porque<\/span> se trata<\/span> de un \u00e1rea<\/span> preservaci\u00f3n<\/span> ambiental<\/span> y el propietario<\/span> deber\u00eda<\/span> haber<\/span> cuidado<\/span> de que<\/span> la zona<\/span> no fuera<\/span> invadida<\/span> bajo<\/span> pena<\/span>, incluso<\/span>, de delito<\/span> ambiental”<\/span>, se\u00f1ala<\/span> Haddad<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tFrente<\/span> a esto<\/span>, el MTST<\/span> afirma<\/span> que<\/span> su<\/span> asentamiento<\/span> no ha superado<\/span> el 10% de la superficie<\/span>, que<\/span> ser\u00eda<\/span> el espacio<\/span> m\u00e1ximo<\/span> en el que<\/span> actualmente<\/span> se permitir\u00eda<\/span> edificar<\/span>. Adem\u00e1s<\/span>, asegura<\/span> que<\/span> para<\/span> la ocupaci\u00f3n<\/span> no se han<\/span> realizado<\/span> ning\u00fan<\/span> tipo<\/span> de desforestaci\u00f3n<\/span>. En cualquier<\/span> caso<\/span>, considera<\/span> insuficiente<\/span> esa<\/span> extensi\u00f3n<\/span> por<\/span> considerar<\/span> que<\/span> en ella<\/span> solo podr\u00edan<\/span> edificarse<\/span> unas<\/span> 1.000 viviendas<\/span>. Por<\/span> ello<\/span> el movimiento<\/span> reclama<\/span> una<\/span> recalificaci\u00f3n<\/span> de los terrenos<\/span> para<\/span> permitir<\/span> la urbanizaci\u00f3n<\/span> del 30% de la superficie<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tEsta<\/span> no es<\/span> la primera<\/span> protesta<\/span> que<\/span> convoca<\/span> el MTST<\/span> \u00a0en lo que<\/span> va<\/span> de a\u00f1o<\/span>. Hace<\/span> unas<\/span> semanas<\/span> ya<\/span> una<\/span> primera<\/span> manifestaci\u00f3n<\/span> que<\/span> congreg\u00f3<\/span> a unas<\/span> 6.000 personas y bloque\u00f3<\/span> durante<\/span> cinco<\/span> horas<\/span> varias<\/span> v\u00edas<\/span> importantes<\/span> de la ciudad<\/span>. Adem\u00e1s<\/span>, la pasada<\/span> semana<\/span> realiz\u00f3<\/span> una<\/span> concentraci\u00f3n<\/span> que<\/span> reuni\u00f3<\/span> a cientos<\/span> de simpatizantes<\/span> frente<\/span> a un centro<\/span> comercial<\/span> en protestas<\/span> contra las<\/span> medidas<\/span> discriminatorias<\/span> que<\/span> pretenden<\/span> evitar<\/span> los rolezinhos<\/span>, concentraciones<\/span> masivas<\/span> de j\u00f3venes<\/span> de la periferia<\/span>, organizadas<\/span> por<\/span> las<\/span> redes<\/span> sociales<\/span>, en este<\/span> tipo<\/span> de establecimientos<\/span>. En la manifestaci\u00f3n<\/span> de ayer<\/span> adem\u00e1s<\/span> de los residentes<\/span> en Nueva<\/span> Palestina<\/span> tambi\u00e9n<\/span> participaron<\/span> participantes<\/span> en otras<\/span> ocupaciones<\/span> activas<\/span> en la ciudad<\/span> como<\/span> Dona Deda<\/span>, Capad\u00f3cia<\/span> o Franja<\/span> de Gaza, donde<\/span> miles de personas siguen<\/span> reclamando<\/span> una<\/span> vivienda<\/span> digna<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tLa batalla<\/span> planteada<\/span> por<\/span> el MTST<\/span> evidencia<\/span> que<\/span>, pese<\/span> a los avances<\/span> registrados<\/span> en los \u00faltimos<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span>, la vivienda<\/span> contin\u00faa<\/span> siendo<\/span> una<\/span> de las<\/span> asignaturas<\/span> pendientes<\/span> de Brasil<\/span>. Seg\u00fan<\/span> los datos<\/span> barajados<\/span> por<\/span> el Instituto<\/span> de Investigaci\u00f3n<\/span> Econ\u00f3mica<\/span> Aplicada<\/span> (IPEA<\/span>, seg\u00fan<\/span> sus<\/span> siglas<\/span> en portugu\u00e9s<\/span>) el d\u00e9ficit<\/span> de viviendas<\/span> en el pa\u00eds<\/span> era de 5,2 millones<\/span> en 2012. Sin embargo, el fuerte<\/span> encarecimiento<\/span> de la vivienda<\/span> registrado<\/span> en los \u00faltimos<\/span> tiempos<\/span> amenaza<\/span> con agravar<\/span> la situaci\u00f3n<\/span>. En este<\/span> sentido<\/span>, Cleandro<\/span> Krause, coordinador<\/span> de estudios<\/span> urbanos<\/span> del IPEA<\/span>, destacaba<\/span> que<\/span> “aunque<\/span> sea un segmento<\/span> todav\u00eda<\/span> muy<\/span> oscuro<\/span>, ya<\/span> que<\/span> no contamos<\/span> con \u00edndices<\/span> oficiales<\/span> de la variaci\u00f3n<\/span> de precios<\/span> de los inmuebles<\/span>, las<\/span> se\u00f1ales<\/span> muestran<\/span> una<\/span> tendencia<\/span> de aumento<\/span> del d\u00e9ficit<\/span> ligada<\/span> al encarecimiento<\/span> de los alquileres<\/span>, un escenario<\/span> sobre<\/span> el que<\/span> tendremos<\/span> que<\/span> estar<\/span> atentos”<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tDescontando<\/span> la inflaci\u00f3n<\/span> y el incremento<\/span> de la renta<\/span> familiar, los alquileres<\/span> habr\u00edan<\/span> experimentado<\/span> entre<\/span> 2002 y 2012 una<\/span> subida<\/span> estimada<\/span> del 50%. Y lo mismo<\/span> est\u00e1<\/span> ocurriendo<\/span> con la venta<\/span> de viviendas<\/span>. Una<\/span> buena<\/span> muestra<\/span> son los \u00faltimos<\/span> datos<\/span> disponibles<\/span> de Rio de Janeiro, donde<\/span> entre<\/span> julio<\/span> de 2009 y julio<\/span> de 2013 se revalorizaron<\/span> los precios<\/span> un 161,7%. Todas<\/span> estas<\/span> tendencias<\/span> se han<\/span> visto<\/span> agravadas<\/span> adem\u00e1s<\/span> por<\/span> los fen\u00f3menos<\/span> especulativos<\/span> ligados<\/span> a los grandes<\/span> eventos<\/span> deportivos<\/span> previstos<\/span> para<\/span> los pr\u00f3ximos<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> como<\/span> el Mundial<\/span> de F\u00fatbol<\/span> o las<\/span> Olimpiadas<\/span> de Rio que<\/span>, adem\u00e1s<\/span>, han<\/span> originado<\/span> fuertes<\/span> remodelaciones<\/span> urbanas<\/span> que<\/span> han<\/span> desplazado<\/span> a miles de personas.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\tFrente<\/span> a estas<\/span> carencias<\/span> habitacionales<\/span>, el gobierno<\/span> del PT ha promovida<\/span> en la \u00faltima<\/span> d\u00e9cada<\/span>, primero<\/span> bajo<\/span> la presidencia<\/span> de Lula y ahora<\/span> de Dilma<\/span> Rousseff<\/span>, el programa<\/span> Minha<\/span> Casa Minha<\/span> Vida. Seg\u00fan<\/span> explicaba<\/span> recientemente<\/span> la propia<\/span> presidenta<\/span>, el objetivo<\/span> es<\/span> poner<\/span> en marcha<\/span> 700.000 nuevas<\/span> viviendas<\/span> durante<\/span> 2014, a\u00f1o<\/span> en que<\/span>, adem\u00e1s<\/span>, tendr\u00e1<\/span> que<\/span> revalidar<\/span> su<\/span> continuidad<\/span> en la presidencia<\/span>. “Nuestra<\/span> meta es<\/span> llegar<\/span> a los 2,7 millones<\/span> de viviendas<\/span> contratadas<\/span> solamente<\/span> durante<\/span> el periodo<\/span> de mi mandato”<\/span>, destacaba<\/span>. En estos<\/span> diez<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span>, los gobiernos<\/span> liderados<\/span> por<\/span> el PT han<\/span> impulsado<\/span> la construcci\u00f3n<\/span> de unos<\/span> 3 millones<\/span> de viviendas<\/span>, de las<\/span> que<\/span> ya<\/span> se han<\/span> entregado<\/span> a sus<\/span> ocupantes<\/span> 1,4 millones<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\t\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t\"alt\"<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 S\u00e3o Paulo es uno de los grandes s\u00edmbolos del \u00e9xito econ\u00f3mico de Brasil. Sin embargo, esta Nueva York del tr\u00f3pico acoge tambi\u00e9n en su seno las contradicciones y limitaciones del milagro<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[76],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-barcelona"],"yoast_head":"\nMILES DE TRABAJADORES SIN TECHO MARCHAN EN S\u00c3O PAULO PARA RECLAMAR UNA VIVIENDA DIGNA - Revista Rambla<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/miles-de-trabajadores-sin-techo-marchan-en-sao-paulo-para-reclamar-una-vivienda-digna\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MILES DE TRABAJADORES SIN TECHO MARCHAN EN S\u00c3O PAULO PARA RECLAMAR UNA VIVIENDA DIGNA - Revista Rambla\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00a0 S\u00e3o Paulo es uno de los grandes s\u00edmbolos del \u00e9xito econ\u00f3mico de Brasil. 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