{"id":4630,"date":"2014-01-12T10:45:15","date_gmt":"2014-01-12T10:45:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/jeroni-nadal-imaginate-que-llevas-diez-anos-sin-ver-nada-y-de-repente-distingues-figuras-y-luces\/"},"modified":"2022-10-21T19:39:46","modified_gmt":"2022-10-21T17:39:46","slug":"jeroni-nadal-imaginate-que-llevas-diez-anos-sin-ver-nada-y-de-repente-distingues-figuras-y-luces","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revistarambla.com\/en\/jeroni-nadal-imaginate-que-llevas-diez-anos-sin-ver-nada-y-de-repente-distingues-figuras-y-luces\/","title":{"rendered":"Jeroni Nadal: \u00abImag\u00ednate que llevas diez a\u00f1os sin ver nada y de repente distingues figuras y luces\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"

La cl\u00ednica Barraquer de Barcelona<\/a> ha sido el \u00fanico centro de toda Espa\u00f1a elegido para implantar un chip en la retina que minimiza su degradaci\u00f3n. El \u2018ojo electr\u00f3nico\u2019, creado por la empresa americana Second Sight, supone un hito en la oftalmolog\u00eda y un salto de gigante en la calidad de vida de los pacientes afectados por retinosis pigmentaria. La iniciativa ser\u00e1 liderada por el doctor mallorqu\u00edn Jeroni Nadal, coordinador del Departamento de Retina de la Barraquer y con 22 a\u00f1os de experiencia como cirujano.<\/p>\n

\"alt\"<\/p>\n

\u00bfEn qu\u00e9<\/span> consiste<\/span> exactamente<\/span> el proyecto<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cSe trata<\/span> de un dispositivo<\/span> que<\/span>, a trav\u00e9s<\/span> de una<\/span> c\u00e1mara<\/span> de alta<\/span> definici\u00f3n<\/span> que<\/span> va<\/span> situada<\/span> en unas<\/span> gafas<\/span> sin ninguna<\/span> funci\u00f3n<\/span> \u00f3ptica<\/span>, transmite<\/span> su<\/span> imagen<\/span> en un ordenador<\/span> que<\/span> va<\/span> colgado<\/span> de la cintura<\/span> y que<\/span> tiene<\/span> un tama\u00f1o<\/span> un poco<\/span> mayor que<\/span> un tel\u00e9fono<\/span> m\u00f3vil<\/span>. Eso<\/span> va<\/span> a una<\/span> antena<\/span> situada<\/span> en una<\/span> patilla<\/span> de la gafa<\/span> que<\/span> transmite<\/span> v\u00eda<\/span> telematr\u00eda<\/span> ese<\/span> impulso<\/span> a un chip, el sistema<\/span> coge<\/span> una<\/span> imagen<\/span> y la convierte<\/span> en impulso<\/span> nervioso<\/span>, copia<\/span> el funcionamiento<\/span> de una<\/span> retina normal y transmite<\/span> directamente<\/span> estos<\/span> impulsos<\/span> al nervio<\/span> \u00f3ptico<\/span>. A partir<\/span> de aqu\u00ed<\/span> el cerebro<\/span> los identifica<\/span> como<\/span> una<\/span> visi\u00f3n<\/span> natural, aunque<\/span> de una<\/span> calidad<\/span> distinta\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfC\u00f3mo<\/span> se hace<\/span> la operaci\u00f3n<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cHay que<\/span> hacer<\/span> una<\/span> cirug\u00eda<\/span> para<\/span> implantar<\/span> este<\/span> chip, son unas<\/span> tres<\/span> horas<\/span> y medias largas<\/span>, una<\/span> operaci\u00f3n<\/span> en la que<\/span> interviene<\/span> mucho<\/span> personal, tanto<\/span> m\u00e9dico<\/span> como<\/span> param\u00e9dico<\/span> y t\u00e9cnicos<\/span> del laboratorio<\/span>. Es<\/span> complicado<\/span>, hay un preoperatorio<\/span> para<\/span> evaluar<\/span> el tipo<\/span> de paciente<\/span> al cual<\/span> se le puede<\/span> hacer<\/span> y despu\u00e9s<\/span> un control postoperatorio<\/span> que<\/span> dura<\/span> entre<\/span> 6 y 8 semanas<\/span> porque<\/span> se le ense\u00f1a<\/span> a ver<\/span> con este<\/span> sistema<\/span>. Y el seguimiento<\/span> del paciente<\/span> dura<\/span> tres<\/span> a\u00f1os\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfCu\u00e1les<\/span> son los requisitos<\/span> para<\/span> determinar<\/span> si<\/span> el paciente<\/span> es<\/span> id\u00f3neo<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cLos pacientes<\/span> afectados<\/span> b\u00e1sicamente<\/span> por<\/span> retinosis<\/span> pigmentaria<\/span>, una<\/span> enfermedad<\/span> de retina externa<\/span> hereditaria<\/span>, deben<\/span> estar<\/span> pr\u00e1cticamente<\/span> en la recta final de la evoluci\u00f3n<\/span> de su<\/span> enfermedad<\/span> y tener<\/span> una<\/span> baja<\/span> visi\u00f3n<\/span> de percepci\u00f3n<\/span> luminosa<\/span>, que<\/span> est\u00e9n<\/span> pr\u00e1cticamente<\/span> desconectados<\/span> de su<\/span> entorno<\/span>. Dentro<\/span> de las<\/span> enfermedades<\/span> hereditarias<\/span> es<\/span> la m\u00e1s<\/span> frecuente<\/span>, la que<\/span> causa<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> baja<\/span> visi\u00f3n<\/span>, en Espa\u00f1a<\/span> hay aproximadamente<\/span> unos<\/span> 10.000 afectados<\/span> aunque<\/span> no hay estad\u00edsticas<\/span> reales<\/span>. Afecta<\/span> a gente<\/span> muy<\/span> joven<\/span>, cualquier<\/span> rango<\/span> de edad<\/span>, desde<\/span> los 7 a 60 a\u00f1os\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfEn qu\u00e9<\/span> sentido<\/span> se recuperan<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cEl paciente<\/span> que<\/span> no ten\u00eda<\/span> ninguna<\/span> interacci\u00f3n<\/span> con el entorno<\/span> porque<\/span> s\u00f3lo<\/span> ve\u00eda<\/span> sombra<\/span> pasa<\/span> a detectar<\/span> que<\/span> en esta<\/span> habitaci\u00f3n<\/span> hay dos personas, una<\/span> ventana<\/span>, una<\/span> puerta<\/span>, algo<\/span> que<\/span> brilla<\/span> que<\/span> puede<\/span> ser<\/span> una<\/span> pantalla<\/span> del ordenador\u2026recupera<\/span> libertad<\/span> en cierta<\/span> manera<\/span>, interacciona<\/span> otra<\/span> vez<\/span> con su<\/span> entorno<\/span> de manera<\/span> visual\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00bfPuede<\/span> volver<\/span> a identificar<\/span> correctamente<\/span> los objetos<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cNo, identificar<\/span> los objetos<\/span> no, no puede<\/span> ver<\/span> la televisi\u00f3n<\/span> ni<\/span> leer, no estamos<\/span> hablando<\/span> de una<\/span> visi\u00f3n<\/span> milagrosa<\/span> sino<\/span> de un cierto<\/span> grado<\/span> de visi\u00f3n<\/span> que<\/span> le permite<\/span> hacer<\/span> una<\/span> vida<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> aut\u00f3noma<\/span> que<\/span> antes, apreciar<\/span> qui\u00e9n<\/span> se mueve<\/span> delante<\/span> de \u00e9l\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\"alt\"<\/p>\n

Pero todav\u00eda<\/span> tiene<\/span> algunas<\/span> limitaciones\u2026<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cS\u00ed<\/span>, puede<\/span> parecer<\/span> poco<\/span> pero<\/span> para<\/span> el paciente<\/span> que<\/span> hace<\/span> diez<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> que<\/span> no ve<\/span> nada y no tiene<\/span> ninguna<\/span> conexi\u00f3n<\/span> con el entorno<\/span>, le aportas<\/span> esto<\/span> y para<\/span> \u00e9l<\/span> es<\/span> muy<\/span> importante\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfLa operaci\u00f3n<\/span> tiene<\/span> riesgos<\/span> espec\u00edficos<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cTodas<\/span> las<\/span> operaciones<\/span> los tienen<\/span> pero<\/span> en este<\/span> tipo<\/span> de cirug\u00eda<\/span> son bajos<\/span> y asumibles<\/span>. No hay ning\u00fan<\/span> tipo<\/span> de problema\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9<\/span> supone<\/span> para<\/span> la cl\u00ednica<\/span> Barraquer<\/span> asumir<\/span> esta<\/span> iniciativa<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cUna<\/span> gran<\/span> ilusi\u00f3n<\/span> porque<\/span> hace<\/span> veinte<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> o m\u00e1s<\/span> que<\/span> se hablaba<\/span> de la visi\u00f3n<\/span> artificial, como<\/span> si<\/span> fuera<\/span> algo<\/span> que<\/span> nunca<\/span> llegar\u00eda<\/span>. Ahora<\/span> es<\/span> una<\/span> absoluta<\/span> realidad<\/span>, es<\/span> aplicable<\/span> cl\u00ednicamente<\/span>, hay pruebas<\/span> testadas<\/span> para<\/span> hacerlo<\/span> en Estados<\/span> Unidos<\/span>, no es<\/span> un proyecto<\/span> experimental sino<\/span> que<\/span> ya<\/span> est\u00e1<\/span> establecido<\/span> en el mundo<\/span> occidental y se ir\u00e1<\/span> extendiendo\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfY a nivel<\/span> personal? \u00bfEs<\/span> una<\/span> gran<\/span> responsabilidad<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cLa responsabilidad<\/span> la asumes<\/span> paciente<\/span> a paciente<\/span> y cada<\/span> uno<\/span> coge<\/span> la que<\/span> quiere<\/span>. Es<\/span> un paso<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span>, poder<\/span> solucionar<\/span> un problema<\/span> que<\/span> hasta<\/span> ahora<\/span> no ten\u00eda<\/span> soluci\u00f3n<\/span>, a nivel<\/span> personal es<\/span> importante<\/span> pero<\/span> no trascendental<\/span>, es<\/span> poder<\/span> hacer<\/span> algo<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> para<\/span> la gente<\/span> que<\/span> no ve\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9<\/span> significa<\/span> el concepto<\/span> \u2018\u2019visi\u00f3n<\/span> artificial\u2019?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cPoder<\/span> disponer<\/span> de un aparato<\/span> electr\u00f3nico<\/span> en estos<\/span> momentos<\/span> que<\/span> pueda<\/span> similar una<\/span> visi\u00f3n<\/span> real, la funci\u00f3n<\/span> fisiol\u00f3gica<\/span> de visi\u00f3n<\/span>, que<\/span> pueda<\/span> reproducir<\/span> esa<\/span> fisiolog\u00eda<\/span> de visi\u00f3n<\/span> y que<\/span> el paciente<\/span> la pueda<\/span> captar<\/span> como<\/span> una<\/span> visi\u00f3n<\/span> normal\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00bfD\u00f3nde<\/span> se est\u00e1<\/span> aplicando<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cSe hizo<\/span> un estudio<\/span> entre<\/span> el 2009 y el 2012 en pa\u00edses<\/span> distintos<\/span> con diferentes<\/span> cirujanos<\/span> y partir<\/span> de aqu\u00ed<\/span> uno<\/span> de los primeros<\/span> pa\u00edses<\/span> en los que<\/span> se har\u00e1<\/span> es<\/span> Espa\u00f1a<\/span>, pero<\/span> por<\/span> ejemplo<\/span> no se hace<\/span> ni<\/span> en Francia<\/span> ni<\/span> en Alemania<\/span>. Tambi\u00e9n<\/span> se est\u00e1<\/span> haciendo<\/span> en Estados<\/span> Unidas<\/span>, Arabia Saudita<\/span>, concretamente<\/span>, en Riad<\/span>, en Italia, Manchester y Lausana<\/span>. Pero<\/span> principalmente<\/span> nosotros<\/span>, los dem\u00e1s<\/span> entrar\u00e1n<\/span> detr\u00e1s<\/span> nuestro\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfCuando<\/span> empezar\u00e1n<\/span> las<\/span> operaciones<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cEstamos<\/span> generando<\/span> una<\/span> lista<\/span> de espera<\/span>, se est\u00e1n<\/span> visitando<\/span> pacientes<\/span>, el proceso<\/span> de selecci\u00f3n<\/span> es<\/span> largo porque<\/span> hay muchas<\/span> pruebas<\/span>, es<\/span> muy<\/span> sofisticado<\/span>. Supongo<\/span> que<\/span> entre<\/span> enero<\/span> y febrero<\/span> habremos<\/span> empezado\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfYa<\/span> ten\u00e9is<\/span> candidatos<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cDe momento<\/span> ninguno<\/span>, hasta<\/span> que<\/span> no entrevistemos<\/span> los pacientes<\/span> no sabremos<\/span> cu\u00e1ntos<\/span> habr\u00e1<\/span> pero<\/span> tendremos<\/span> seguro\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfCu\u00e1nta<\/span> gente<\/span> participar\u00e1<\/span> directamente<\/span> en el proyecto<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cInternamente<\/span> en el centro<\/span>, entre<\/span> 8 y 10 personas que<\/span> nos dedicaremos<\/span> plenamente<\/span> a esto<\/span>, aparte<\/span> de otras<\/span> tareas<\/span>, y despu\u00e9s<\/span> unas<\/span> 5-6 personas en el laboratorio<\/span>, tres<\/span> de las<\/span> cuales<\/span> se desplazar\u00e1n<\/span> en cada<\/span> cirug\u00eda<\/span> para<\/span> que<\/span> todo<\/span> funcione<\/span> correctamente\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Me imagino<\/span> que<\/span> el coste<\/span> ser\u00e1<\/span> alto\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cMuy<\/span> alto, es<\/span> una<\/span> inversi\u00f3n<\/span> privada<\/span>, se ha puesto<\/span> mucho<\/span> dinero<\/span> en crear<\/span> una<\/span> tecnolog\u00eda<\/span> nueva<\/span> y la operaci\u00f3n<\/span> sale por<\/span> unos<\/span> 120.000 euros\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Car\u00edsimo\u2026<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cS\u00ed<\/span>, es<\/span> mucho<\/span> dinero<\/span>, nosotros<\/span> estamos<\/span> intentando<\/span> llegar<\/span> a acuerdos<\/span> con fundaciones<\/span> y entidades<\/span> privadas<\/span> que<\/span> quieran<\/span> colaborar<\/span> para<\/span> ver<\/span> de qu\u00e9<\/span> manera<\/span> podemos<\/span> ayudar<\/span> a los pacientes\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfLa inversi\u00f3n<\/span> se amortiza<\/span> por<\/span> la mejora<\/span> de la calidad<\/span> de vida<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cEs<\/span> un cambio<\/span> radical, no s\u00e9<\/span> si<\/span> te<\/span> puedes<\/span> imaginar<\/span> estar<\/span> diez<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> sin ver<\/span> absolutamente<\/span> nada y que<\/span> de repente<\/span> veas<\/span> tres<\/span> personas delante<\/span> aunque<\/span> no les veas<\/span> la cara<\/span>, un marco<\/span> cuadrado<\/span>, algo<\/span> triangular, una<\/span> luz<\/span> que<\/span> es<\/span> una<\/span> tele\u2026<\/span> es<\/span> un cambio<\/span> radical para<\/span> los pacientes\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfTambi\u00e9n<\/span> es<\/span> un gran<\/span> salto<\/span> a nivel<\/span> de autoestima<\/span> y seguridad<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cAutoestima<\/span> no es<\/span> la palabra<\/span>, es<\/span> la capacidad<\/span> de interactuar<\/span> visualmente<\/span>, es<\/span> un cambio<\/span> radical. La visi\u00f3n<\/span> es<\/span> un proceso<\/span> mental y todo<\/span> proceso<\/span> mental se ve<\/span> diferente<\/span> en funci\u00f3n<\/span> de cada<\/span> persona, hay gente<\/span> que<\/span> tiene<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> plasticidad<\/span>, gente<\/span> que<\/span> se adapta<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> r\u00e1pido<\/span>, gente<\/span> que<\/span> le saca<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> provecho\u2026<\/span> es<\/span> muy<\/span> importante<\/span> la informaci\u00f3n<\/span> previa<\/span>, decirle<\/span> al paciente<\/span> que<\/span> llegar\u00e1<\/span> hasta<\/span> aqu\u00ed<\/span> y que<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> all\u00e1<\/span> no espere<\/span> nada, porque<\/span> de esta<\/span> manera<\/span> evitas<\/span> que<\/span> la gente<\/span> se sienta<\/span> defraudada<\/span> por<\/span> el sistema<\/span>. Piensa<\/span> que<\/span> esto<\/span> es<\/span> un primer paso<\/span>, a partir<\/span> de aqu\u00ed<\/span> es<\/span> un sistema<\/span> inform\u00e1tico<\/span> que<\/span> se puede<\/span> actualizar<\/span> y mejorar<\/span>, probablemente<\/span> la sensaci\u00f3n<\/span> visual que<\/span> se consiga<\/span> con el procedimiento<\/span> ser\u00e1<\/span> mayor. En un futuro<\/span> cuando<\/span> la calidad<\/span> visual sea superior, abarcar\u00e1<\/span> otras<\/span> enfermedades<\/span>, si<\/span> funciona<\/span> bien<\/span> y aguanta<\/span> bien<\/span>, que<\/span> est\u00e1<\/span> aguantando<\/span> bien<\/span> en pacientes<\/span> que<\/span> llevan<\/span> cinco<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span>, ser\u00e1<\/span> bestial\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00bfQuieres<\/span> decir<\/span> que<\/span> cada<\/span> vez<\/span> podr\u00e1n<\/span> ver<\/span> mejor<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cS\u00ed<\/span>, no s\u00e9<\/span> si<\/span> recuerdas<\/span> cuando<\/span> salieron<\/span> los primeros<\/span> televisores<\/span> de plasma, al principio<\/span> costaban<\/span> un mill\u00f3n<\/span> de pesetas, al cabo<\/span> de poco<\/span> tiempo<\/span> la calidad<\/span> fue<\/span> mejorando<\/span>, la electr\u00f3nica<\/span> avanz\u00f3<\/span> y los costes<\/span> bajaron<\/span>, aunque<\/span> eso<\/span> es<\/span> un capricho<\/span> y no tiene<\/span> nada que<\/span> ver<\/span> con lo que<\/span> estamos<\/span> hablando<\/span>. En este<\/span> caso<\/span> el problema<\/span> es<\/span> crear<\/span> esa<\/span> nueva<\/span> tecnolog\u00eda<\/span>, que<\/span> convierte<\/span> una<\/span> imagen<\/span> en impulso<\/span> nervioso<\/span> igual<\/span> que<\/span> hace<\/span> una<\/span> retina natural. Y una<\/span> vez<\/span> tienes<\/span> eso<\/span>, el sistema<\/span> aguanta<\/span> y se tolera<\/span> bien<\/span>, su<\/span> implantaci\u00f3n<\/span> es<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> f\u00e1cil<\/span> que<\/span> la creaci\u00f3n<\/span> del sistema<\/span>, en tres<\/span> o cuatro<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> esto<\/span> ir\u00e1<\/span> a pasos<\/span> agigantados<\/span>. Es<\/span> una<\/span> revoluci\u00f3n<\/span> total porque<\/span> es<\/span> una<\/span> visi\u00f3n<\/span> artificial muy<\/span> similar a la fisiolog\u00eda<\/span>, la tecnolog\u00eda<\/span> mejorar\u00e1<\/span> y ser\u00e1<\/span> menos<\/span> farragosa<\/span> que<\/span> al principio\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Parece<\/span> que<\/span> la oftalmolog\u00eda<\/span> ser\u00e1<\/span> una<\/span> profesi\u00f3n<\/span> en auge<\/span> porque<\/span> la gente<\/span> tiene<\/span> cada<\/span> vez<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> problemas<\/span> de visi\u00f3n<\/span>, con las<\/span> pantallas<\/span> de ordenador<\/span> y los m\u00f3viles\u2026<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cNo, eso<\/span> viene<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> por<\/span> el envejecimiento<\/span> general de la poblaci\u00f3n<\/span>, eso<\/span> hace<\/span> que<\/span> las<\/span> enfermedades<\/span> oculares<\/span> tipo<\/span> degeneraci\u00f3n<\/span> macular sean<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> frecuentes<\/span> y, a pesar<\/span> de que<\/span> se conoce<\/span> mejor<\/span> la biolog\u00eda<\/span> y se puede<\/span> minimizar<\/span> con la alimentaci\u00f3n<\/span>, esas<\/span> enfermedades<\/span> se dan<\/span> en un 15% de las<\/span> personas de m\u00e1s<\/span> de 70 a\u00f1os<\/span>, es<\/span> un porcentaje<\/span> muy<\/span> alto. Hay m\u00e1s<\/span> gente<\/span> enferma<\/span> de los ojos<\/span> porque<\/span> la gente<\/span> vive m\u00e1s\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfCatalunya<\/span> es<\/span> pionera<\/span> en oftalmolog\u00eda<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cLo es<\/span> desde<\/span> toda<\/span> la vida<\/span> y con diferencia<\/span>, sobre<\/span> todo<\/span> en retina, porque<\/span> aqu\u00ed<\/span> se ha funcionado<\/span> en grupo<\/span>, ha habido<\/span> escuelas<\/span> como<\/span> Arruga<\/span>, Castanyer<\/span>, Barraquer\u2026<\/span> las<\/span> escuelas<\/span> crean<\/span> competencia<\/span>, la competencia<\/span> crea<\/span> el est\u00edmulo<\/span> y eso<\/span> genera una<\/span> corriente<\/span> importante<\/span>. En Catalunya<\/span> hay muchos<\/span> centros<\/span> de oftalmolog\u00eda<\/span> muy<\/span> importantes<\/span> que<\/span> tiran<\/span> del carro<\/span> a nivel<\/span> estatal\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9<\/span> retos<\/span> futuros<\/span> tiene<\/span> la oftalmolog\u00eda<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cNo son futuros<\/span>, son presentes<\/span>: de qu\u00e9<\/span> manera<\/span> se puede<\/span> evitar<\/span> que<\/span> tanta<\/span> gente<\/span> llegue<\/span> a tener<\/span> problemas<\/span> de degeneraci\u00f3n<\/span> macular, ver<\/span> la alimentaci\u00f3n<\/span>, conocer<\/span> mejor<\/span> la etiolog\u00eda<\/span> de esas<\/span> enfermedades<\/span>, la alimentaci\u00f3n<\/span>. E intentar<\/span> solucionar<\/span> problemas<\/span> como<\/span> el de hoy<\/span>, gente<\/span> que<\/span> no tiene<\/span> ninguna<\/span> percepci\u00f3n<\/span> visual, que<\/span> la pueda<\/span> recuperar<\/span> por<\/span> medios<\/span> naturales<\/span> o artificiales<\/span>, a trav\u00e9s<\/span> de sistemas<\/span> inform\u00e1ticos<\/span> o v\u00eda<\/span> c\u00e9lulas<\/span> madre<\/span>, terapias<\/span> g\u00e9nicas\u2026en<\/span> 5-10 a\u00f1os<\/span> eso<\/span> ser\u00e1<\/span> una<\/span> revoluci\u00f3n\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfHasta<\/span> qu\u00e9<\/span> punto<\/span> son importantes<\/span> unos<\/span> buenos<\/span> h\u00e1bitos<\/span> alimentarios<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cMucho<\/span>, lo son para<\/span> todo<\/span>. Se sabe<\/span> que<\/span> por<\/span> ejemplo<\/span> la degeneraci\u00f3n<\/span> macular es<\/span> un proceso<\/span> de oxidaci\u00f3n<\/span>, hay radicales<\/span> libres<\/span> que<\/span> se van liberando<\/span> y son t\u00f3xicos<\/span> para<\/span> las<\/span> c\u00e9lulas<\/span>, a lo largo de las<\/span> a\u00f1os<\/span> provocan<\/span> un deterioro<\/span> lento y progresivo<\/span> de estas<\/span> c\u00e9lulas<\/span>, que<\/span> es<\/span> un envejecimiento<\/span>. Cuantos<\/span> m\u00e1s<\/span> radicales<\/span> libres<\/span> tienen<\/span> estas<\/span> c\u00e9lulas<\/span> a su<\/span> alrededor<\/span>, m\u00e1s<\/span> envejecimiento<\/span>. \u00bfC\u00f3mo<\/span> podemos<\/span> reducir<\/span> los radicales<\/span> libres<\/span>? Con antioxidantes<\/span>, b\u00e1sicamente<\/span> vitamina<\/span> C, la gente<\/span> que<\/span> tiene<\/span> una<\/span> alimentaci\u00f3n<\/span> rica<\/span> en fruta<\/span> y verdura<\/span> fresca<\/span> envejecer\u00e1<\/span> mejor<\/span>. \u00bfEjemplos<\/span>? Dieta<\/span> mediterr\u00e1nea<\/span>, a los americanos<\/span> se les recomienda<\/span> tomar<\/span> antioxidantes<\/span> a partir<\/span> de los 40 a\u00f1os<\/span> porque<\/span> tienen<\/span> una<\/span> dieta<\/span> deficitaria<\/span> en este<\/span> tipo<\/span> de alimentos\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfAquello<\/span> de que<\/span> la zanahoria<\/span> mejora<\/span> la vista es<\/span> un t\u00f3pico<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cLo de zanahoria-ojo<\/span> es<\/span> un mito<\/span>, pero<\/span> comer verdura<\/span> fresca<\/span> y fruta<\/span> es<\/span> muy<\/span> importante<\/span> porque<\/span> es<\/span> antioxidante<\/span>, no s\u00f3lo<\/span> para<\/span> los ojos<\/span>, sino<\/span> para<\/span> todo<\/span>, se envejece<\/span> mejor\u201d<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\"alt\"<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La cl\u00ednica Barraquer de Barcelona ha sido el \u00fanico centro de toda Espa\u00f1a elegido para implantar un chip en la retina que minimiza su degradaci\u00f3n. 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